AlTiN and AlTiON-coated hot work tool steels for tooling in steel thixoforming

Failure analysis of forging die insert protected with diffusion layer and PVD coating

“…The deposition procedure involved the following process steps: alkaline and Ar + ion precleaning; ion beam etching with respectively Ti + and Cr + ions using a high bias voltage of 1000 V; deposition of multilayer coating with a total coating thickness of 2.3-2.6 μm. The major deposition conditions were: a substrate temperature of 430-460°C, a substrate bias of 40-110 V and a deposition pressure of 0.7-4 Pa. TiAlNbased coatings, typically deposited as thin films with hardness ranging between 3000 and 3300 HV, are thermally stable at temperatures up to between 800 and 900°C and have the coefficient of friction against steel at elevated temperature between 0.35 and 0.75 [6,18,25]. These Table 1 Chemical composition of the Dievar steel.…”

“…The chemical composition, morphology, structure, texture, residual stress, microhardness, the thermal expansion coefficient and the oxidation resistance of PVD coating can be modified within certain limits by changing conditions of the deposition process. The AlTiN types of PVD coating are particularly suitable for high temperature use, since they have guaranteed temperature resistance at high temperatures with no oxidation [18].…”

“…There are many examples of successful application of duplex technology for increasing the wear resistance and lifetime of dies [7,9,[16][17][18]24]. These studies indicate positive results and significant improvements regarding forging die wear resistance and service life increase in comparison to the traditional heat-treated dies and other surface technologies, such as plasma nitriding, carbonitriding, gas nitriding and plasma spraying.…”

High-Temperature Sliding Wear Testing of Cathodic Arc Physical Vapor Deposition AlTiN- and AlTiON-Coated Hot Work Tool Steels

“…[48,49] The coating characterization work is reported elsewhere. [50] Two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D topography images and surface profiles of the tested surfaces are illustrated in Figure 1. Abrasive wear with deep grooves along the sliding direction, a very thick oxide layer, and an appreciable quantity of debris accumulated at the edges of the track are the typical features of the hot work tool steel submitted to wear test at 1023 K (750°C).…”

Thermal cycling of AlTiN- and AlTiON-coated hot work tool steels at elevated temperatures

“…Hence, it has received a great deal of attention as the method of choice for surface engineering of forming and cutting tools in recent years [21,22]. However, there have been very few attempts to explore the potential of PVD coatings in thixoforming tools for high temperature alloys [23][24][25][26][27]. The present work was undertaken to investigate the potential of AlTiN and AlTiON coatings deposited on X32CrMoV33 hot work tool steel via Cathodic Arc Physical Vapour Deposition (CAPVD) process under steel thixoforming conditions.…”