Alternatives to sulfuric acid for slurry acidification: impact on slurry composition and ammonia emissions during storage

Regueiro, Iria; Coutinho, João; Fangueiro, David

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.032

Cited by 69 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Most manure acidification research, however, has mostly been conducted in Europe and more specifically in Denmark, where 2011 legislation banned the surface application of livestock manure, unless acidified below a pH of 6.4 (Nyord et al, 2013). Acidification also poses possible health concerns to farmer and livestock due to handling of strong acids and volatile sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) (Borst, 2001; Regueiro et al, 2016). Because of these issues, it is important to study acidification on a mesoscale prior to farm testing and with smaller acid doses, which would be less potentially harmful.…”

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confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

et al. 2019

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Liquid dairy manure storages are sources of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3) emissions. Both CH4 and N2O are greenhouse gases (GHGs), whereas NH3 is an indirect source of N2O emissions. Manure acidification is a strategy used to reduce NH3 emissions from swine manure; however, limited research has expanded this strategy to reducing CH4 and N2O emissions by acidifying dairy manure. This study compared control dairy manure (pH 7.4) with two treatments of acidified manure using 70% sulfuric acid (H2SO4). These included a medium pH treatment (pH 6.5, 1.4 mL acid L−1 manure) and a low pH treatment (pH 6, 2.4 mL acid L−1 manure). Emissions were measured using replicated mesoscale manure tanks (6.6 m2) enclosed by large steady state chambers. Both CH4 and N2O were continuously measured (June–December 2017) using tunable diode laser trace gas analyzers. Ammonia emissions were measured three times weekly for 24 h using acid traps. On a CO2 equivalent basis, the medium pH treatment reduced total GHG emissions by 85%, whereas the low pH treatment reduced emissions by 88%, relative to untreated (control) manure. Total CH4 emissions were reduced by 87 and 89% from medium and low pH tanks, respectively. Ammonia emissions were reduced by 41 and 53% from medium and low pH tanks, respectively. Additional research is necessary to make acidification an accessible option for farmers by optimizing acid dosage. More research is need to describe the manure buffering capacity and emission reductions and ultimately find the best approaches for treating farm‐scale liquid dairy manure tanks. Core Ideas Acidification reduced total CO2–eq GHGs from liquid dairy manure by 85 to 88%. Total CH4 emissions were reduced by 87 to 89% from acidified manure. NH3 emissions were reduced by 41 to 53% from acidified manure. A range of yearly H2SO4 cost was estimated to be Can$6.55 to $19.6 cow−1.

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confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

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“…(H 2 SO 4 ) is added to the slurry to lower the pH, consequently reducing NH 3 emissions, while it has no effect on GHG emissions [16,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Sustainability of Dairy Slurry by A Commercial Additive Treatment

et al. 2019

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Ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from livestock farms contribute to negative environmental impacts such as acidification and climate change. A significant part of these emissions is produced from the decomposition of slurry in livestock facilities, during storage and treatment phases. This research aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the additive “SOP LAGOON” (made of agricultural gypsum processed with proprietary technology) on (i) NH3 and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, (ii) slurry properties and N loss. Moreover, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method was applied to assess the potential environmental impact associated with stored slurry treated with the additive. Six barrels were filled with 65 L of cattle slurry, of which three were used as a control while the additive was used in the other three. The results indicated that the use of the additive led to a reduction of total nitrogen, nitrates, and GHG emissions. LCA confirmed the higher environmental sustainability of the scenario with the additive for some environmental impact categories among which climate change. In conclusion, the additive has beneficial effects on both emissions and the environment, and the nitrogen present in the treated slurry could partially displace a mineral fertilizer, which can be considered an environmental credit.

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“…Furthermore, Dai and Blanes-Vidal [61] proved that lowering the pH of pig slurry to 5.5 by addition of sulfuric acid and its aeration reduced the NH 3 emission from the stored slurry by about 77 % compared to pig slurry not subjected to acidification and aeration [61]. However, due to the several risks associated with the use of sulfuric acid (foam formation during acid addition, corrosive effect of acid, strong acid which affects the health of farmers and animals) variant acidifying agents have been searched and tested [64,65]. Regueiro et al [65] stated that aluminum sulfate can be considered as a good alternative to H 2 SO 4 when the pH of pig slurry is lowered to 5.5.…”

Section: Emission Of Odorous Substances From Pig Slurry and Methods Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the several risks associated with the use of sulfuric acid (foam formation during acid addition, corrosive effect of acid, strong acid which affects the health of farmers and animals) variant acidifying agents have been searched and tested [64,65]. Regueiro et al [65] stated that aluminum sulfate can be considered as a good alternative to H 2 SO 4 when the pH of pig slurry is lowered to 5.5. The acidification of pig slurry to pH 5.5 with Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 reduced ammonia volatilization during storage by 69 % [65].…”

Section: Emission Of Odorous Substances From Pig Slurry and Methods Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Odorants from Pig Slurry - Effect on the Environment and Methods of its Reduction

Marszałek

Kowalski

Makara

2018

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Pig slurry is classified as a natural liquid fertilizer, which is a heterogeneous mixture of urine, faeces, remnants of feed and technological water, used to remove excrement and maintain the hygiene of livestock housing. The storage and distribution of pig slurry on farmland affect the environment as they are associated with, among others, the emission of various types of gaseous pollutants, mainly CH4, CO2, N2O, NH3, H2S, and other odorants. Methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are greenhouse gases (GHGs) which contribute to climate change by increasing the greenhouse effect. Ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are malodorous gases responsible for the occurrence of odour nuisance which, due to their toxicity, may endanger the health and lives of humans and animals. NH3 also influences the increase of atmosphere and soil acidification. The article presents the environmental impact of greenhouse gases and odorous compounds emitted from pig slurry. Key gaseous atmospheric pollutants such as NH3, H2S, CH4, CO2 and N2O have been characterized. Furthermore, methods to reduce the emission of odours and GHGs from pig slurry during its storage and agricultural usage have been discussed.

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Alternatives to sulfuric acid for slurry acidification: impact on slurry composition and ammonia emissions during storage

Cited by 69 publications

References 31 publications

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Dairy Manure Acidification

Improving the Sustainability of Dairy Slurry by A Commercial Additive Treatment

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Odorants from Pig Slurry - Effect on the Environment and Methods of its Reduction

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