Alternative sources of technology: An analysis of induced innovations

Link, Albert N.

doi:10.1002/mde.4090040105

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Further literature can be found in Wang and Kafouros (2009), Blalock and Gertler (2004), Falvey, Foster and Greenaway (2004), Kafouros and Buckley (2008), MacGarvie (2006), Link (1983), Danell and Persson (2003), Castellacci and Natera (2013) and Monreal- Pérez et al (2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Determinants of Innovation in Selected Manufacturing Firms in India: Role of R&D and Exports

Seenaiah¹,

Rath²

2018

Science, Technology and Society

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This article examines the determinants of innovation using selected manufacturing firms in India. Our study is based on 190 manufacturing firms which were surveyed from Bengaluru and Hyderabad cities in India. The results based on panel probit model reveal that exports and R&D expenditure positively and significantly affect the innovation in case of manufacturing sector. Other key factors such as import intensity, manager's prior experience, and conducting training sessions to the employee at firm level do positively affect the innovation activities. However, firm age and capital intensity negatively affect innovation. The results suggest the policymakers to concentrate more on export orientation policies and investing in R&D through subsidising or creating more R&D incentive projects which would significantly boost innovations in India.

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confidence: 99%

Determinants of Innovation in Selected Manufacturing Firms in India: Role of R&D and Exports

Seenaiah¹,

Rath²

2018

Science, Technology and Society

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“…Not all R&D is productive, and increased R&D does not necessarily translate to increased innovations (Link, 1983;Bebchuk and Stole, 1993). Although studies have shown a positive relationship between stock concentration and R&D investments for US firms (i.e.…”

Section: Theoretical Background the Link Between Ownership And Innovamentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of ownership structures and innovations of US and Japanese firms

Lee

2005

Manage Decis Econ

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This study analyzes the impact of ownership structure on innovation in the US and Japan. Agency theory is used to develop links between the distinct patterns of ownership in the US and Japan to differences in innovation. Empirical evidence shows that ownership concentration and the identity of the investors with large ownership positions affects innovation. This relationship differs across the two countries. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Arora (1996) suggests that transactions costs can be advantageous to the owner provided that knowledge transfer is bundled with engineering and training. Link (1983) studies the proportion of technological advance that is internal to the firm. He finds that firm size and diversification increase the internal proportion.…”

Section: B the Limits Of The Firm In Randdmentioning

confidence: 99%

R&D Sourcing, Joint Ventures and Innovation: A Multiple Indicators Approach

Adams

Marcu

2004

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This paper reexamines the limits of the firm in Research and Development (R&D). Using evidence drawn from industrial laboratories we study the causes and effects of R&D sourcing. We begin with the causes of sourcing, finding that Research Joint Ventures (RJVs), the option to purchase and acquire, and research with federal government contribute to sourced R&D. We then consider the effects of sourcing, RJVs, and the firm's internal research on innovation, as defined by patents and new products. Our results are that sourcing has little effect on innovation, but that RJVs and internal research increase innovation. This suggests specialization: cost saving is the primary motivation for sourcing, while innovation is the primary motivation for RJVs and internal research. Therefore, shared R&D comes in several varieties: R&D sourcing is not concerned with innovation, but consistent with their purpose, RJVs are instrumental in jointly commercializing the research of different firms. I. IntroductionThe trading or pooling of research across firm boundaries determines the limits of the firm in R&D, and so is a likely factor in the productive efficiency of industrial research. In this paper we revisit this topic using evidence from U.S. industrial research laboratories. In the case of R&D sourcing, where the evidence is relatively detailed, we examine the causes that lie behind shared R&D. In addition, we study the differing consequences for innovation, as defined by patents and new products, of two forms of shared R&D: R&D sourcing and Research Joint Ventures (RJVs).The main results are that RJVs, the option to purchase and acquire, and research with federal government increase R&D sourcing. Moreover, RJVs and the firm's internal research contribute to innovation. In contrast, R&D sourcing has no such effect. Therefore, internal research and shared R&D are specialized: cost savings are the primary motive for R&D sourcing, while invention and commercialization are the primary motive for internal research and RJVs. Taken together, the evidence suggests that R&D sourcing is neither concerned with, nor is it a threat to, intellectual property, even though RJVs, consistent with their purpose, are instrumental in jointly commercializing the research of different firms.The subject is timely for several reasons. R&D sourcing and RJVs have grown rapidly and play a more important role today than in the past 1 . In this paper R&D sourcing is primarily domestic, but it is similar to international sourcing of high-technology jobs. From 1980 to 1990 new partnerships increased from 200 to 600. In the US CORE and NCRA-RJV databases, partnerships increased rapidly from 1985-1995, but decreased from 1996-1998, apparently due to a decline in the Advanced Technology Program, which supports cooperative R&D. For details see Hagedoorn, Link, and Vonortas (2000). Also see Mowery (1992) for an overview of the motivations for international RJVs and other international cooperative research.2 R&D sourcing could be related or unrelated to RJVs...

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Alternative sources of technology: An analysis of induced innovations

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Determinants of Innovation in Selected Manufacturing Firms in India: Role of R&D and Exports

Determinants of Innovation in Selected Manufacturing Firms in India: Role of R&D and Exports

A comparison of ownership structures and innovations of US and Japanese firms

R&D Sourcing, Joint Ventures and Innovation: A Multiple Indicators Approach

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