Alternative sampling strategies for passive classical and African swine fever surveillance in wild boar

Petrov, Anja; Schotte, Ulrich; Pietschmann, Jana; Dräger, Carolin; Beer, Martin; Anheyer-Behmenburg, H.; Goller, Katja V.; Blome, Sandra

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.07.030

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Samples collected from live pigs should include anticoagulated whole blood for the detection of virus or viral nucleic acid and serum for the detection of antibodies, whereas samples collected from dead pigs should comprise tissue (tonsil, lymph nodes, spleen, ileum and kidney) for the detection of virus, viral nucleic acid or antigen and, for example, in case of shot wild boar if possible also tissue fluids for serological investigations (Anonymous, ; Moennig, ). Swab samples, which are easy to collect, can also serve as suitable sample material for detection of the pathogen (Petrov et al., ).…”

Section: Main Means Of Prevention Detection and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of classical swine fever: Recent developments and future challenges

Postel¹,

Austermann-Busch²,

Petrov³

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

Self Cite

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Classical swine fever (CSF) represents a major health and trade problem for the pig industry. In endemic countries or those with a wild boar reservoir, CSF remains a priority for Veterinary Services. Surveillance as well as stamping out and/or vaccination are the principle tools of prevention and control, depending on the context. In the past decades, marker vaccines and accompanying diagnostic tests allowing the discrimination of infected from vaccinated animals have been developed. In the European Union, an E2 subunit and a chimeric live vaccine have been licensed and are available for the use in future disease outbreak scenarios. The implementation of commonly accepted and globally harmonized concepts could pave the way to replace the ethically questionable stamping out policy by a vaccination-to-live strategy and thereby avoid culling of a large number of healthy animals and save food resources. Although a number of vaccines and diagnostic tests are available worldwide, technological advancement in both domains is desirable. This work provides a summary of an analysis undertaken by the DISCONTOOLS group of experts on CSF. Details of the analysis can be downloaded from the web site at http://www.discontools.eu/.

show abstract

Section: Main Means Of Prevention Detection and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of classical swine fever: Recent developments and future challenges

Postel¹,

Austermann-Busch²,

Petrov³

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

Self Cite

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In studies by Petrov et al. (), FTA cards gave similar qualitative results when compared to the GenoTube swab.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Currently, only a few reports describe the use of GenoTubes for infectious disease detection (Barros, Cunha, & Costa, ; Blome et al., ; Petrov et al., ; Sattler, Wodak, & Schmoll, ). Apart from African and classical swine fever, these reports have demonstrated the value of GenoTubes for oral sampling of swine for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and the detection of Brachyspira hampsonii in faeces (Costa et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As cutting methods are already applied to organ samples tested in the laboratory, this could easily be adapted to swabs. It is important to note that swabs can be directly dipped in AVL or ELISA buffer without cutting to run one assay, if cutting is inconvenient (see Petrov et al., ). FTA cards have also shown promising results (Braae et al., ; Michaud et al., ; Randriamparany et al., ; Uttenthal et al., ); however, a trained person must handle the samples as it is difficult to avoid contamination during close contact with bloody carcasses and additional transport devices are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along the same lines as the FTA cards and filter papers, Petrov et al. () showed that dry blood swabs are an easy method to test carcasses for ASFV and CSFV genomes. The advantage is that the swab is already combined with a shipment‐suitable receptacle, and no further equipment is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Simplifying sampling for African swine fever surveillance: Assessment of antibody and pathogen detection from blood swabs

Carlson

Zani

Schwaiger

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a notifiable disease with serious socio-economic consequences that has been present in wild boar in the Baltic States and Poland since2014. An introduction of ASF is usually accompanied by increased mortality, making fallen wild boar and hunted animals with signs of disease the main target for early warning and passive surveillance. It is difficult, however, to encourage hunters and foresters to report and take samples from these cases. A pragmatic and easy sampling approach with quick-drying swabs could facilitate this. In this study, we further evaluated the use of dry blood swabs for the detection of ASFV antibody and genome with samples from animal trials and diagnostic submissions (blood, bone and organs) from Estonia. Compared to serum samples, dried blood swabs yielded 93.1% (95% confidence interval: [83.3, 98.1]) sensitivity and 100% [95.9, 100.0] specificity in a commercial ASFV antibody ELISA. Similarly, the swabs gave a sensitivity of 98.9% [93.4, 100.0] and a specificity of 98.1% [90.1, 100.0] for genome detection by a standard ASFV p72 qPCR when compared to EDTA blood. The same swabs were tested in a VP72-antibody lateral flow device, with a sensitivity of 94.7% [85.4, 98.9] and specificity of 96. 1% [89.0, 99.2] compared to the serum ELISA.When GenoTube samples tested in ELISA and LFD were compared, the sensitivity was 96.3% [87.3, 99.5] and the specificity was 93.8% [86.0, 97.9]. This study demonstrates reliable detection of ASFV antibody and genome from swabs. A field test of the swabs with decomposed wild boar carcasses in an endemic area in Estonia also gave promising results. Thus, this technique is a practical approach for surveillance of ASF in both free and endemic areas. Quick-drying swabs decrease the growth of opportunistic organisms and preserve sample DNA or RNA without refrigeration (Costa et al., 2014). In previous studies, sample material in GenoTubes remained usable for genome and antibody detection for more than a week (unpublished results show stability over several month) and gave good results with accredited qPCR and ELISA methods (Blome et al., 2014;Petrov et al., 2014).The objectives of the present study were to demonstrate the suitability of the swab sampling method for routine ASFV genome and antibody detection. To this means, blood and other routine sample matrices were compared to swabs dipped into EDTA blood. In the majority of cases, paired samples of the same animal were tested to ensure comparability. In addition to the blood and serum that had been previously tested (Blome et al., 2014), organ and bone marrow samples were included in this comparative study to broaden the scope. Furthermore, the analyses were extended to a lateral flow device (LFD) for antibody detection, which could provide a useful and easy tool for point-of-care tests. | MATERIALS AND METHODS | Swine studies and sample originPaired EDTA and serum samples from experimentally infected animals at the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI) were used for the study (see ...

show abstract

Pestiviruses

Kirkland¹,

Potier²,

Finlaison³

2019

Diseases of Swine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alternative sampling strategies for passive classical and African swine fever surveillance in wild boar

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of classical swine fever: Recent developments and future challenges

Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of classical swine fever: Recent developments and future challenges

Simplifying sampling for African swine fever surveillance: Assessment of antibody and pathogen detection from blood swabs

Pestiviruses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About