Alternative Methods of Bioactive Compounds and Oils Extraction from Berry Fruit By-Products—A Review

Abstract

Berry fruit by-products are a source of polyphenol compounds and highly nutritious oils and can be reused to fulfill the requirements of the circular economy model. One of the methods of obtaining polyphenol-rich extracts or oils is extraction. Applying conventional solvent extraction techniques may be insufficient to reach high polyphenol or lipid fraction yields and selectivity of specific compounds. Alternative extraction methods, mainly ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed electric field-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction, are ways to improve the efficiency of the isolation of bioactive compounds or oils from berry fruit by-products. Additionally, non-conventional techniques are considered as green extraction methods, as they consume less energy, solvent volume and time. The aim of this review is to summarize the studies on alternative extraction methods and their relationship to the composition of extracts or oils obtained from berry waste products.

Health Benefits of Antioxidant Bioactive Compounds in the Fruits and Leaves of Lonicera caerulea L. and Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot

“…Chokeberry oil was found to have the highest linoleic acid content among all studied oils (raspberry, blackberry, and chokeberry), while the major tocols fraction was α-tocopherol [36]. Some recent research indicates the possible use of chokeberry pomace extract as an additive for apple juice, helping with its preservation and positively affecting the color and taste due to its antioxidant colorants [35,37,38]. The high anthocyanin content made chokeberry pomace suitable as an ingredient for chitosan-based packaging films with capacity to indicate pH variations [39].…”

“…While still underused, A. melanocarpa fruits are considered rather tasty (mostly when processed, rather than raw) due to their tannin content as juice, syrup, jelly, and jam, and can be used for flavoring food products such as tea, ice cream, and yogurt. Recently, A. melanocarpa seeds were used as raw materials for the extraction of high-quality oil by Piasecka et al [ 34 , 35 ]. Chokeberry oil was found to have the highest linoleic acid content among all studied oils (raspberry, blackberry, and chokeberry), while the major tocols fraction was α-tocopherol [ 36 ].…”

“…Some recent research indicates the possible use of chokeberry pomace extract as an additive for apple juice, helping with its preservation and positively affecting the color and taste due to its antioxidant colorants [ 35 , 37 , 38 ]. The high anthocyanin content made chokeberry pomace suitable as an ingredient for chitosan-based packaging films with capacity to indicate pH variations [ 39 ].…”

Comparison of Four Oil Extraction Methods for Sinami Fruit (Oenocarpus mapora H. Karst): Evaluating Quality, Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activity

“…In terms of yield, UAE showed the highest extraction capacity (15.64%), followed by SFE, EPE and CPE (7.45%, 6.99% and 5.52%, respectively). UAE has been used for the extraction of oils from fruit pulp [44], seeds [45] and agro-industrial by-products [46]. Yields ranging from 8 to 83% have been reported [47], with the highest values being obtained using ultrasonic cavitation.…”

Valorisation of food processing wastes using PEF and its economic advances – recent update

“…In PEF, both continuous and batch extraction modes are used, but continuous extraction is preferred due to its high performance. However, factors such as pH, pulse width, pulse form, sample matrix density, conductivity, treatment time, and ionic strength of solvent play a major role in deciding the performance of PEF treatment (Xi et al ., 2021; Piasecka et al ., 2022). Thus, PEF with suitable operation parameters can effectively recover bioactive compounds such as proteins, lipids, carotenoid pigments, polyphenols, and chitin from food processing industries wastes and by‐products (Athanasiadis et al ., 2021; Pinheiro et al ., 2021).…”