Alternative Methods and Radionuclides for Use in Soil-Erosion and Sedimentation Investigations

He, Qingping; Walling, Desmond E.; Wallbrink, Peter

doi:10.1007/0-306-48054-9_9

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Any covering of soil or sediment deposited on an active plot would have the ability to reduce, or attenuate, the gamma radiation emitted by the labelled sediment (Tyler et al ., ; He et al . ). It was feasible that additional unlabelled sediment deposited directly on top of the labelled material during a subsequent overbank flood event could potentially attenuate the measured AAD value, relative to the true value, thereby causing the remobilization to be overestimated.…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 97%

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Using caesium‐134 and cobalt‐60 as tracers to assess the remobilization of recently‐deposited overbank‐derived sediment on river floodplains during subsequent inundation events

Greenwood

Walling

Quine

2013

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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River floodplains act as sinks for fine‐sediment and sediment‐associated contaminants. Increasing recognition of their environmental importance has necessitated a need for an improved understanding of the fate and residence times of overbank sediment deposits over a broad range of timescales. Most existing investigations have focused on medium‐term accretion rates, which represents net deposition from multiple flood events over several decades. In contrast, the fate of recently‐deposited sediment during subsequent overbank events has received only limited attention. This paper presents a novel tracing‐technique for documenting the remobilization of recent overbank sediment on river floodplains during subsequent inundation events, using the artificial radionuclides, caesium‐134 (134Cs) and cobalt‐60 (60Co). The investigation was conducted within floodplains of the Rivers Taw and Culm in Devon, UK. Small quantities of fine‐sediment (< 63 µm dia.), pre‐labelled with known activities of either 134Cs or 60Co, were deposited at 15 locations across each floodplain. Surface inventories, measured before and after three consecutive flood events, were used to estimate sediment loss (in g m–2). Significant reductions provided evidence of the remobilization of the labelled sediment by inundating floodwaters. Spatial variations in remobilization were related to localized topography. Sediment remobilized during the first two events for the River Taw floodplain were equivalent to 63 · 8% and 11 · 9%, respectively, of the original mass. Equivalent values for the River Culm floodplain were 49 · 6% and 12 · 5%, respectively, of the original mass. Sediment loss during the third event proved too small to be attributed to remobilization by overbank floodwaters. After the third event, a mean of 22 · 5% and 35 · 2% of the original mass remained on the Taw and Culm floodplains, respectively. These results provide evidence of the storage of the remaining sediment. The findings highlight the importance of remobilization of recently‐deposited sediment on river floodplains during subsequent overbank events and demonstrate the potential of the tracing‐technique. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…(, ), Miller () and He et al . (), was adopted to determine the surface inventory, hereafter termed the ‘areal activity density’ (AAD) value, for each plot. Immediately after installation, a number of markers were inserted around each plot to facilitate relocating predetermined measurement points.…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using caesium‐134 and cobalt‐60 as tracers to assess the remobilization of recently‐deposited overbank‐derived sediment on river floodplains during subsequent inundation events

Greenwood

Walling

Quine

2013

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…This handbook focuses on the 137 Cs method but also provides information on 210 Pb ex and 7 Be. It also highlights methodological approaches that are needed for both erosion and sedimentation studies such as: guidelines on site selection and sampling design (Pennock & Appleby, ); sampling and sample pretreatment (Loughran, Wallbrink, Walling, & Appleby, ; Pennock & Appleby, ); gamma spectrometry for FRN measurements (Wallbrink, Walling, & He, ); assessment of spatial distribution of 137 Cs (Loughran, Pennock, & Walling, ); use of FRN conversion models for soil redistribution studies (Walling, He, & Appleby, ); specific use of 137 Cs in Chernobyl‐affected areas (Golosov, ), and 137 Cs in situ measurements and 7 Be and 210 Pb ex methodologies (He, Walling, & Wallbrink, ). …”

Section: Confirming and Improving The Frn Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the use of isotopic techniques to combat soil erosion: An overview of the key role played by the SWMCN Subprogramme of the Joint FAO/IAEA Division over the last 20 years

Mabit

Bernard

et al. 2018

Land Degrad Dev

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The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), through the Joint Division with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, assists its Member States in applying nuclear techniques to alleviate challenges in food safety, food security and sustainable agricultural development. The Soil and Water Management & Crop Nutrition (SWMCN) Subprogramme, within the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, has made significant contributions to the development of isotopic techniques for the assessment of soil degradation and the development of efficient soil and land conservation approaches. These techniques include fallout radionuclides such as 137 Cs, 210 Pb ex , 7 Be, and 239+240 Pu as well as 13 C stable isotope and compound-specific stable isotope analyses. These methodologies were developed and/or refined through the work of researchers from developed and developing countries who were selected to work within the frame of IAEA's Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs). Internal research activities implemented in the Joint FAO/IAEA's SWMCN Laboratory in Seibersdorf supported the work accomplished in the CRPs. The methodologies thus developed have been subsequently disseminated to developing countries by IAEA's Technical Cooperation Programme to assist Member States to adopt climate-smart agriculture and reduce soil degradation that poses a threat to food security and the environment. This review paper provides an overview of the activities conducted in the frame of CRPs for combating soil erosion over the last 20 years and highlights the major achievements. Examples of the success and the impact obtained in Morocco, Madagascar, and Vietnam in using these isotopic techniques are presented.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…In the case of the above, following the principles of He et al (2002), a particle-size corrected erosion rate, h c , can be calculated using the following equation (compare to Eq. 1.2):…”

Section: Accounting For Size Selectivity Of Erosion and Deposition Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where C d,c is the weighted mean concentration of sediment mobilised from the upslope contributing area which has been corrected for particle size enrichment during erosion, and then corrected for depletion during deposition (He et al 2002). The particle size corrected concentration of deposited material from an individual eroding point (cd ) can be estimated using the following function:…”

Section: Accounting For Size Selectivity Of Erosion and Deposition Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Recent Soil Erosion Rates through the Use of Beryllium-7 (Be-7)

Mabit¹,

Blake²

2019

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Alternative Methods and Radionuclides for Use in Soil-Erosion and Sedimentation Investigations

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Using caesium‐134 and cobalt‐60 as tracers to assess the remobilization of recently‐deposited overbank‐derived sediment on river floodplains during subsequent inundation events

Using caesium‐134 and cobalt‐60 as tracers to assess the remobilization of recently‐deposited overbank‐derived sediment on river floodplains during subsequent inundation events

Promoting the use of isotopic techniques to combat soil erosion: An overview of the key role played by the SWMCN Subprogramme of the Joint FAO/IAEA Division over the last 20 years

Assessing Recent Soil Erosion Rates through the Use of Beryllium-7 (Be-7)

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