Alternative Fuels in Rail Transport and their Impact on Fire Hazard

Abstract

Abstract. The interest in alternative fuels results from the depletion of crude oil resources and, thus, the search for new energy sources. The article discusses alternative power sources introduced into the drive of rail vehicles. Their advantages and disadvantages are presented, especially the uncontrolled ignitions cases are described. Attention is drawn to the need to develop European regulations on the fire safety of rail vehicles using hydrogen cells, lithium batteries, or natural gas. Such requirements are particularly relevant for rolling stock passing through tunnels. They should include alternative propulsion vehicles and the transport of such loads (e.g. discharged lithium batteries).

Development Trends in Vehicle Propulsion Sources—A Short Review

“…There is some hope behind the use of air motors as propulsion sources or as supplements in hybrid systems [63][64][65]. The important features of modern propulsion systems are that they are safe during operation and meet the demands of road infrastructure or road rescue equipment [66,67]. The market analyses presented in [68] show that in the future, younger potential buyers will prefer hydrogen and electric vehicles, which is currently taking place with the support of policy and strategic instruments and is extending to other age groups.…”