Alternative determination of blood alcohol concentration by 1H NMR spectroscopy

Zailer, Elina; Diehl, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2015.11.030

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As mentioned above, BAC peaks are higher when ethanol is administered in a binge-like pattern, even with low doses of alcohol ( 24 ). There are several types of methods for measuring BAC: headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC), headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), capillary gas chromatography, or enzymatic ADH immunoassays ( 48 ). Immunoassays are not as accurate as mass spectrometry and are susceptible to bias by overestimating alcohol concentration due to non-specific interferences.…”

Section: Fasd-like Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Murine Models for the Study of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An Overview

et al. 2020

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Prenatal alcohol exposure is associated to different physical, behavioral, cognitive, and neurological impairments collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. The underlying mechanisms of ethanol toxicity are not completely understood. Experimental studies during human pregnancy to identify new diagnostic biomarkers are difficult to carry out beyond genetic or epigenetic analyses in biological matrices. Therefore, animal models are a useful tool to study the teratogenic effects of alcohol on the central nervous system and analyze the benefits of promising therapies. Animal models of alcohol spectrum disorder allow the analysis of key variables such as amount, timing and frequency of ethanol consumption to describe the harmful effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. In this review, we aim to synthetize neurodevelopmental disabilities in rodent fetal alcohol spectrum disorder phenotypes, considering facial dysmorphology and fetal growth restriction. We examine the different neurodevelopmental stages based on the most consistently implicated epigenetic mechanisms, cell types and molecular pathways, and assess the advantages and disadvantages of murine models in the study of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, the different routes of alcohol administration, and alcohol consumption patterns applied to rodents. Finally, we analyze a wide range of phenotypic features to identify fetal alcohol spectrum disorder phenotypes in murine models, exploring facial dysmorphology, neurodevelopmental deficits, and growth restriction, as well as the methodologies used to evaluate behavioral and anatomical alterations produced by prenatal alcohol exposure in rodents.

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Section: Fasd-like Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Murine Models for the Study of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An Overview

et al. 2020

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“…Previous research investigating micro-sample testing of blood alcohol at lower sample volumes suggested this is a viable technique. 23–25 Wilkinson et al. described a headspace GC-FID method for ethanol analysis utilising 20–50 μL blood samples with a reported average precision of 4.6% and a concentration range of 0.003–1.2 mg/mL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,22 The benefits of these methods could include a less invasive and faster sample-collection process along with a requirement for smaller sample volumes. Micro-samples for analysis of blood alcohol have previously been demonstrated using volumes as low as 20–50 μL with proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) 23 and GC-FID. 24,25 However, frequently, casework laboratories tend to use larger volumes for GC-FID due to issues with intra-sample uncertainty, with typical samples volumes of up to 0.1–1 mL analysed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of ethanol in micro-volumes of blood by headspace gas chromatography: Statistical comparison between capillary and venous sampling sites

et al. 2020

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Ethanol is the most commonly encountered drug in forensic toxicology, with widespread use throughout society. For this reason, it is important that there are a variety of reliable and robust methods to detect and quantify the content of alcohol in blood samples of suspected drink drivers. A common method of detection is gas chromatography with flame ionisation detector, with a number of sample preparation techniques employed. Typically, venous blood is sampled and used in the analysis. However, there is currently no legal specification in the UK of the blood sample source. This study investigates the use of capillary blood as an alternative to venous blood alongside two different sample volumes: 100 and 10 µL. Venous and capillary blood were collected from volunteers who had consumed alcohol. All blood sampling was carried out one hour after cessation of drinking. The results show a statistically significant difference between venous and capillary samples, with an average difference of 3.38 ± 1.99 mg/100 mL at 100 μL and approximately 4.13 ± 2.42 mg/100 mL at 10 μL, respectively. Predominantly, venous blood was detected at higher concentrations than the corresponding capillary samples. The deviations in alcohol samples between venous and capillary blood are consistent with previous studies. However, our research indicates that capillary blood is a viable matrix to test for alcohol, albeit one that underestimates blood-alcohol content in relation to venous sampling. There was no statistically significant difference between the 100 and 10 µL sample preparation methods on an individual basis, which infers that micro-volumes of alcohol are suitable for forensic blood-alcohol analysis.

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“…The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined based on the standard response deviation and the slope of the regression line to perform the sensitivity analysis. LOD and LOQ were calculated based on the signal-to-noise ratio with LOD = 3 × S/N and LOQ = 10 × S/N [19]. The LOD showed the lowest amount of standard in a sample of 0.009 mg/mL, which can be detected but not necessarily quantified as an exact value [20].…”

Section: Precisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Quantification and Validation of Biomarker Scopoletin in Paederia foetida by qNMR and UV–Vis for Herbal Preparation

et al. 2020

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Scopoletin has previously been reported as a biomarker for the standardization of Paederia foetida twigs. This study is the first report on the determination and quantification of scopoletin using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) in the different extracts of Paederia foetida twigs. The validated qNMR method showed a good linearity (r2 = 0.9999), limit of detection (LOD) (0.009 mg/mL), and quantification (LOQ) (0.029 mg/mL), together with high stability (relative standard deviation (RSD) = 0.022%), high precision (RSD < 1%), and good recovery (94.08–108.45%). The quantification results of scopoletin concentration in chloroform extract using qNMR and microplate ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometer was almost comparable. Therefore, the qNMR method is deemed accurate and reliable for quality control of Paederia foetida and other medicinal plants without extensive sample preparation.

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Alternative determination of blood alcohol concentration by 1H NMR spectroscopy

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Murine Models for the Study of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An Overview

Murine Models for the Study of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An Overview

Determination of ethanol in micro-volumes of blood by headspace gas chromatography: Statistical comparison between capillary and venous sampling sites

Rapid Quantification and Validation of Biomarker Scopoletin in Paederia foetida by qNMR and UV–Vis for Herbal Preparation

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