Alternative cathodes based on iron phthalocyanine catalysts for mini- or micro-DMFC working at room temperature

Baranton, Stève; Coutanceau, Christophe; Léger, Jean‐Michel; Roux, Claude; Capron, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2005.05.010

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Non-noble metal catalysts based on chalcogenides [36][37][38][39] and macrocycles of transition metals [40][41][42][43][44] have shown good activity for the ORR. However these materials did not yet match the catalytic activity of dispersed platinum.…”

Section: Ii2 New Preparation Methods Of Efficient Electrode Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Lamy

Jones

Coutanceau

et al. 2011

Electrochimica Acta

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International audienceThe membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key component of a PEMFC stack. Conventional MEAs are composed of catalyzed electrodes loaded with 0.1-0.4 mgPt cm−2 pressed against a Nafion® membrane, leading to cell performance close to 0.8 W cm−2 at 0.6 V. Due to their limited stability at high temperatures, the cost of platinum catalysts and that of proton exchange membranes, the recycling problems and material availability, the MEA components do not match the requirements for large scale development of PEMCFs at a low cost, particularly for automotive applications. Novel approaches to medium and high temperature membranes are described in this work, and a composite polybenzimidazole-poly(vinylphosphonic) acid membrane, stable up to 190 ◦C, led to a power density of 0.5 W cm−2 at 160 ◦C under 3 bar abs with hydrogen and air. Concerning the preparation of efficient electrocatalysts supported on a Vulcan XC72 carbon powder, the Bönnemann colloidal method and above all plasma sputtering allowed preparing bimetallic platinum-based electrocatalysts with a low Pt loading. In the case of plasma deposition of Pt nanoclusters, Pt loadings as low as 10 g cm−2 were achieved, leading to a very high mass power density of ca. 20 kW g−1 Pt . Finally characterization of the MEA electrical properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) based on a theoretical model of mass and charge transport inside the active and gas diffusion layers, together with the optimization of the operating parameters (cell temperature, humidity, flow rate and pressure) allowed obtaining electrical performance greater than 1.2 W cm−2 using an homemade MEA with a rather low Pt loading

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Section: Ii2 New Preparation Methods Of Efficient Electrode Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Lamy

Jones

Coutanceau

et al. 2011

Electrochimica Acta

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“…The Pc ring is 1.2 nm in diameter [5,6], which makes immobilization of its anionic derivatives possible. Four-substituted Pc derivatives containing sulfoand naphthoxysulfo-groups ( Figure 6.1, compounds 1 and 2, respectively) are used for the synthesis of PANI [7][8][9][10]. Both substituents provide high solubility of Pc in water within wide pH range, including acidic media required for the synthesis of PANI.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…PANI modified with anionic Pcs was synthesized by anodic polymerization of monomer from the 0.1-1 M sulfuric acid solutions in the presence of anionic Pc (10 −3 M) [7][8][9][10]. Despite the large excess of sulfuric acid, Pc anions were incorporated in the polymer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metallic tetra sulphophthalocyanines (MTSPcs) of iron group metals (Fe, Co, Ni) [7][8][9][10][11] and copper [12] were investigated as electroactive compounds immobilized in PANI by various physicochemical methods including electron absorbance spectroscopy [10], elemental analysis [11], quartz microbalance [11,12], and so on. The results of these investigations reliably proved the fact of entrapment of MTSPcs in the PANI matrix.…”

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Electropolymerization of Phthalocyanines

Алпатова

Ovsyannikova

2010

Electropolymerization

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“…2 Higher methanol tolerance is reported in the literature for non-noble metal cathode electrocatalysts based on chalcogenides 3 and macrocycles of transition metals. 4 These electrocatalysts have shown nearly the same activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the absence as well as in the presence of methanol. Vol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pt-Cu/C and Pd Modified Pt-Cu/C electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in direct methanol fuel cells

Carbonio¹,

Colmati²,

Ciapina³

et al. 2010

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Neste trabalho, foram preparados diferentes eletrocatalisadores de Pt-Cu e de Pt-Cu modificados com Pd, suportados em carbono por meio da redução química de precursores de Pt, Cu e Pd com borohidreto de sódio. A atividade eletrocatalítica frente à reação de redução de oxigênio foi estudada. A análise dos resultados de difração de raios X mostrou que há formação de liga. Com microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM) foi observado que as nanopartículas metálicas estão bem distribuídas no suporte de carbono. Espectroscopia de absorção de raios X dispersiva (DXAS) foi empregada para compreender melhor as propriedades intrínsecas dos materiais. Os eletrocatalisadores foram caracterizados eletroquimicamente por voltametria cíclica em H 2 SO 4 0.5 mol L -1 e a atividade eletrocatalítica destes foi estudada por meio de experimentos em estado estacionário em células a combustível de metanol direto (DMFC). A introdução de Pd ocasionou um aumento da atividade dos catalisadores de Pt-Cu. O melhor desempenho da DMFC foi obtido usando como cátodo o catalisador da liga de Pt 50 Pd 40 Cu 10 /C tratado termicamente a 500 °C em atmosfera de H 2 /Ar.In this work, different carbon supported Pt-Cu catalysts and Pd modified Pt-Cu catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction of Pt, Cu and Pd precursors with sodium borohydride, and their electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction was studied. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated alloy formation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the metal nanoparticles are well-distributed on the carbon support. Dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy (DXAS) was used to achieve a better understanding of the intrinsic properties of the materials. The electrocatalysts were characterized electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry in 0.5 mol L -1 H 2 SO 4 and their electrochemical activity was studied with steady-state experiments in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The introduction of Pd led to an improvement of the catalytic activity of the Pt-Cu catalysts. The best performance in a DMFC was obtained using, as cathode, a Pt 50 Pd 40 Cu 10 /C alloy catalyst thermally treated at 500 o C in an H 2 /Ar atmosphere.

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Alternative cathodes based on iron phthalocyanine catalysts for mini- or micro-DMFC working at room temperature

Cited by 42 publications

References 41 publications

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Do not forget the electrochemical characteristics of the membrane electrode assembly when designing a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell stack

Electropolymerization of Phthalocyanines

Pt-Cu/C and Pd Modified Pt-Cu/C electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in direct methanol fuel cells

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