Alternative carbon dioxide utilization in dimethyl carbonate synthesis and comparison with current technologies

Medrano‐García, Juan D.; Javaloyes-Antón, Juan; Vázquez, Daniel; Ruiz‐Femenia, Rubén

doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101436

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…23 Finally, in the third phase, we use the ReCiPe v1.1 methodology to calculate the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) from the LCIs again using Brightway2 v2.4.2. 28 Economic Assessment. The production cost per kg of VCM is calculated based on the raw material and utility consumption of the plant, assuming that the effect of the capital cost is negligible due to economies of scale (Section D of the Supporting Information) and the high operating costs eqs 1 and 2, as it was found in other petrochemical processes 29−31 (1)…”

Section: ■ Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production cost per kg of VCM is calculated based on the raw material and utility consumption of the plant, assuming that the effect of the capital cost is negligible due to economies of scale (Section D of the Supporting Information) and the high operating costs eqs and , as it was found in other petrochemical processes − C var = ∑ j ∈ J F j feed · cost j feed + ∑ u ∈ U Q u · cost u utility cos normalt VCM = C var F VCM product where C var is the variable operating cost of the plant [$ h –1 ]; J is the set of raw materials ( i.e. , mass inputs) involved in the synthesis of VCM; F j feed is the mass flow [kg h –1 ] of raw material j ; U is the set of utilities required for the synthesis of VCM, including heating, cooling at 20 to 25 °C, refrigeration at −50 °C, refrigeration at −125 °C, and electricity; Q u is the energy flow [MW] of utility u ; cost j feed and cost u utility are the prices of raw material j [$ h –1 ] and utility u [$ MW –1 ], respectively; F VCM product is the mass flow [kg h –1 ] of the product; and cost vcm is the production cost of VCM [$ kg –1 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Economic and Environmental Competitiveness of Ethane-Based Technologies for Vinyl Chloride Synthesis

Medrano-García,

Giulimondi,

Ceruti

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The synthesis of the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), employed to manufacture poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic, primarily relies on oil-derived ethylene, resulting in high costs and carbon footprint. Natural gas-derived ethane in VCM synthesis has long been considered a transformative feedstock to lower emissions and expenses. In this work, we evaluate the environmental potential and economics of recently developed catalytic ethane chlorination technologies for VCM synthesis. We consider the ethylene-based business-as-usual (BAU) route and two different ethane-based processes evaluated at their current development level and their full potential, i.e., ideal conversion and selectivity. All routes are assessed under two temporal scenarios: present (2020) and prospective (2050). Combining process simulation and life cycle assessment (LCA), we find that catalytic ethane chlorination technologies can lower the production cost by 32% at their current development state and by 56% when considering their full potential. Though environmentally disadvantageous in the 2020 scenario, they emerge as more sustainable alternatives to the BAU in the 2050 scenario, reducing the carbon footprint of VCM synthesis by up to 26% at their current state and up to 58% at their full potential. Going beyond VCM synthesis, our results highlight prospective LCA as a powerful tool for assessing the true environmental implications of emerging technologies under more decarbonized future energy scenarios.

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Section: ■ Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and Environmental Competitiveness of Ethane-Based Technologies for Vinyl Chloride Synthesis

Medrano-García,

Giulimondi,

Ceruti

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…With the acceleration of industrialization worldwide, using petroleum resources to synthesize materials emits a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which has aroused people’s attention to environmental warming. − How to use sustainable resources to develop high-performance and environmentally friendly materials has become a global issue. Faced with this situation, the direct use of CO 2 to prepare chemical monomers or polymers has been further studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Sustainable Synthesis of Polyester-Polycarbonate and Effects of the Carbonate on Thermal, Mechanical, and Transparency Properties

Zeng,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The development of sustainable packaging materials can mitigate the carbon emissions caused by petroleum-based feedstocks, but economically viable polymers that combine stable mechanical properties with transparency remain an issue. This study reports a facile, sustainable one-pot synthesis of polyesterpolycarbonates (PCCTs) through diol end-group shielding by using monomers derived from carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Copolymerization of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and dimethyl terephthalate with 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) in varying molar ratios was carried out, and the resulting PCCTs exhibited exceptional optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The incorporation of DMC and CHDM units was found to significantly impact the thermal and optical characteristics of the PCCTs. The copolyester containing 40 to 90 mol % DMC content demonstrated full amorphousness and high transparency, with a Haze value downgrade to less than 5% and visible light transmittance upgrade to 92%. PCCTs maintained a suitable glass transition temperature range of 42.00−81.21 °C. Notably, the mechanical properties of PCCTs are similar to those of commercial glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate, with an increase in tensile strength from 41.3 to 52.4 MPa and elongation at break from 8.1 to 244.0%. Given the environmentally friendly synthetic process and exceptional performance of PCCTs, these copolyesters possess significant potential for mainly application in packaging fields.

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“…[1,2] Among which, the conversion of CO 2 into dimethyl carbonate (DMC) was a favorable route to utilize CO 2 , because this route had high atomic efficiency and was environmentally friendly. [3,4] In addition, the product DMC has broad application prospects in the industrial field owing to its excellent chemical properties and high versatilities. [5] However, the negligible reactivity of CO 2 and the thermodynamic equilibrium limitation of this reaction making the route full of challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Hollow CeO₂ Nanoparticles for the Efficient Conversion of CO₂ into Dimethyl Carbonate

Hu,

et al. 2023

ChemCatChem

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The hollow CeO2 (H‐CeO2) nanoparticles with mesoporous defects structure were prepared by a solid template method under ambient pressure and applied to catalyze the conversion of CO2 into dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The textural properties of H‐CeO2 were investigated by various characterization techniques. The results showed that H‐CeO2 have higher surface area, more mesoporous defects and higher surface oxygen vacancies concentration than those of conventional CeO2 with block morphology (C‐CeO2). Therefore, H‐CeO2 exhibited better catalytic performance for the conversion of CO2 into DMC. Additionally, the Ce(NO3)3·6H2O amount in preparation procedure was important for the formation of hollow structure and mesoporous defects. The DMC yield could reach 4.96% on H‐CeO2‐1.2 (Ce(NO3)3·6H2O amount: 1.2 g) catalyst when the reaction was performed at 140 ℃ and 4.5 MPa for 4 h. This work proposed a facile strategy for designing CeO2 catalysts for the CO2 conversion by creating mesoporous defective structure.

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Alternative carbon dioxide utilization in dimethyl carbonate synthesis and comparison with current technologies

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Economic and Environmental Competitiveness of Ethane-Based Technologies for Vinyl Chloride Synthesis

Economic and Environmental Competitiveness of Ethane-Based Technologies for Vinyl Chloride Synthesis

Facile Sustainable Synthesis of Polyester-Polycarbonate and Effects of the Carbonate on Thermal, Mechanical, and Transparency Properties

Preparation and Characterization of Hollow CeO₂ Nanoparticles for the Efficient Conversion of CO₂ into Dimethyl Carbonate

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Alternative carbon dioxide utilization in dimethyl carbonate synthesis and comparison with current technologies

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Economic and Environmental Competitiveness of Ethane-Based Technologies for Vinyl Chloride Synthesis

Economic and Environmental Competitiveness of Ethane-Based Technologies for Vinyl Chloride Synthesis

Facile Sustainable Synthesis of Polyester-Polycarbonate and Effects of the Carbonate on Thermal, Mechanical, and Transparency Properties

Preparation and Characterization of Hollow CeO2 Nanoparticles for the Efficient Conversion of CO2 into Dimethyl Carbonate

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Product

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Preparation and Characterization of Hollow CeO₂ Nanoparticles for the Efficient Conversion of CO₂ into Dimethyl Carbonate