Alternative autophagy: mechanisms and roles in different diseases

Feng, Hao; Wang, Nian; Zhang, Nan; Liao, Hai‐Han

doi:10.1186/s12964-022-00851-1

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(170 reference statements)

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“…Further elucidation of the roles of conventional and alternative mitophagy in maintaining heart function and the various correlations between both pathways would significantly aid in improving therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases. Lastly, alternative autophagy plays an essential role in heart diseases, as mentioned in this review, and could be critical in various human diseases [ 112 ]. Thereby, understanding the precise role of alternative autophagy will ultimately be applied to various human diseases, including heart disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Alternative Mitophagy in Heart Disease

Nah

2023

IJMS

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Autophagy is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis through bulk degradation of subcellular constituents, including misfolded proteins and dysfunctional organelles. It is generally governed by the proteins Atg5 and Atg7, which are critical regulators of the conventional autophagy pathway. However, recent studies have identified an alternative Atg5/Atg7-independent pathway, i.e., Ulk1- and Rab9-mediated alternative autophagy. More intensive studies have identified its essential role in stress-induced mitochondrial autophagy, also known as mitophagy. Alternative mitophagy plays pathophysiological roles in heart diseases such as myocardial ischemia and pressure overload. Here, this review discusses the established and emerging mechanisms of alternative autophagy/mitophagy that can be applied in therapeutic interventions for heart disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Alternative Mitophagy in Heart Disease

Nah

2023

IJMS

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“…Golgi stressors like etoposide, amphotericin B1, or genotoxic stress can induce alternative autophagy 90 . Research into various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer development (oncogenesis), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), has highlighted the significant role of alternative autophagy in their pathophysiological processes, offering new opportunities for investigating autophagy regulation complexities 91 .…”

Section: Cellular and Molecular Basis Of Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy in Its (Proper) Context: Molecular Basis, Biological Relevance, Pharmacological Modulation, and Lifestyle Medicine

Ortega,

Fraile-Martinez,

de Leon-Oliva

et al. 2024

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Autophagy plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to various stress conditions by the degradation of intracellular components. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of autophagy's cellular and molecular basis, biological significance, pharmacological modulation, and its relevance in lifestyle medicine. We delve into the intricate molecular mechanisms that govern autophagy, including macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Moreover, we highlight the biological significance of autophagy in aging, immunity, metabolism, apoptosis, tissue differentiation and systemic diseases, such as neurodegenerative or cardiovascular diseases and cancer. We also discuss the latest advancements in pharmacological modulation of autophagy and their potential implications in clinical settings. Finally, we explore the intimate connection between lifestyle factors and autophagy, emphasizing how nutrition, exercise, sleep patterns and environmental factors can significantly impact the autophagic process. The integration of lifestyle medicine into autophagy research opens new avenues for promoting health and longevity through personalized interventions.

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“…There are multiple regulatory elements that act in different steps of the process, activating or inhibiting autophagy and, thus, affecting the development of different hematologic malignancies, among other diseases [ 14 , 15 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. The molecular mechanisms of action of the autophagy drugs vary according to the disease type, tumor stage, the drug used, and even the step of autophagy affected by the drug, as they act in coordination with other essential cell survival processes, such as apoptosis.…”

Section: Autophagic Machinery and Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy in Hematological Malignancies

Ruiz

Sánchez-Maldonado

Nevot

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Autophagy is a highly conserved metabolic pathway via which unwanted intracellular materials, such as unfolded proteins or damaged organelles, are digested. It is activated in response to conditions of oxidative stress or starvation, and is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and other vital functions, such as differentiation, cell death, and the cell cycle. Therefore, autophagy plays an important role in the initiation and progression of tumors, including hematological malignancies, where damaged autophagy during hematopoiesis can cause malignant transformation and increase cell proliferation. Over the last decade, the importance of autophagy in response to standard pharmacological treatment of hematological tumors has been observed, revealing completely opposite roles depending on the tumor type and stage. Thus, autophagy can promote tumor survival by attenuating the cellular damage caused by drugs and/or stabilizing oncogenic proteins, but can also have an antitumoral effect due to autophagic cell death. Therefore, autophagy-based strategies must depend on the context to create specific and safe combination therapies that could contribute to improved clinical outcomes. In this review, we describe the process of autophagy and its role on hematopoiesis, and we highlight recent research investigating its role as a potential therapeutic target in hematological malignancies. The findings suggest that genetic variants within autophagy-related genes modulate the risk of developing hemopathies, as well as patient survival.

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Alternative autophagy: mechanisms and roles in different diseases

Cited by 16 publications

References 85 publications

The Role of Alternative Mitophagy in Heart Disease

The Role of Alternative Mitophagy in Heart Disease

Autophagy in Its (Proper) Context: Molecular Basis, Biological Relevance, Pharmacological Modulation, and Lifestyle Medicine

Autophagy in Hematological Malignancies

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