Alternative Approach to Single-Scan Estimation of Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rate Using Glucose Analogs, with Particular Application to Ischemia

Abstract

Summary: In the glucose analog method for determining local glucose utilization rates, time courses of tissue and plasma radioactivity are measured and then analyzed in terms of first-order exchange of label between tissue compartments, The rate of glucose utilization is assumed to have a fixed, linear relationship to the analog phos phorylation rate calculated from the fitted rate constants, Accurate estimation of the rate constants requires many hours of dynamic data acquisition, Therefore, techniques assuming a linear relationship between analog phosphor ylation rate and total tissue concentration of label were developed to predict glucose utilization rates from aThe use of glucose analogs for in vivo determi nation of the local rate of glucose utilization is well established (Sokoloff et aI., 1977; Phelps et aI., 1979; Reivich et aI., 1979 Reivich et aI., , 1982. Measured kinetics of labeled analog in the tissue of interest and in arterial plasma can be used to estimate the local rate of hexokinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of the an alog per unit plasma concentration. This rate is as sumed to have a fixed linear relationship to the net utilization of glucose. However, accurate estima tion of the actual analog kinetic rate constants re quires serial measurements of tissue and plasma ra diolabel concentrations over many hours. Serial measurements in the same tissue are clearly impos sible when using methods based on beta labeling and film autoradiography. In these methods, time courses are constructed by averaging the values

Estimation of Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization by Positron Emission Tomography of [18F]2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose: A Critical Appraisal of Optimization Procedures

“…That approach yields CMRGlc estimates with error sensitivities in the midrange of the other two methods. Quite recently, another alternative formula for single-scan estimation of CMRGlc was described by Hutchins et al (1984) that, in prin ciple, is equivalent to the normalization of k] ac cording to Eq. 3 and therefore has identical error sensitivities.…”

“…Alternative forms of the operational equation were introduced (Brooks, 1982;Hutchins et al, 1984) to improve the reliability of single-scan re sults. In this report, yet another approach, based on an adjustment of the rate constants according to the ratio of expected and measured tissue activity concentration, is described with particular refer ence to pathological states.…”

“…However, analyses of dynamic studies from this laboratory (Wienhard et aI., 1983;Heiss et aI., 1984) Brooks (1982) and Hutchins et al (1984) are discussed below.…”

Back to the future: the absolute quantification of cerebral metabolic rate of glucose

“…However, the main disadvantages are that individual kinetic rate constants cannot be determined using this technique and the use of predetermined kinetic constants can lead to biases in CMRGlc calculation; indeed, it has been proved that if the standard values differ greatly from those of the subject under examination, as in the case of severely affected subjects, then the K i estimates can be strongly biased [16][17][18]. In order to reduce this problem, several authors proposed alternative equations for single-scan estimation of CMRGlc; the most frequently used has been described by Hutchins et al [19].…”

Single-Scan Bayes Estimation of Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Rate: Comparison with Bon-Bades Single-Scan Methods Using DFG Pet Scans in Stroke

“…Subsequent to publication of the papers men tioned above, Hutchins et al (1984) presented a unified discussion of SS methods and proposed a new SS method, herein called SS(H), which they argue should be the SS method of choice in isch emic tissue. In this article, we use Monte Carlo simulation studies to compare BE as a SS method with SS(H), SS(B), and SS(SPH).…”