Alternate wetting and drying irrigation combined with the proportion of polymer-coated urea and conventional urea rates increases grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiencies in rice

Zhang, Weiyang; Yu, Jixiang; Xu, Yunji; Wang, Zhiqin; Liu, Lijun; Zhang, Hao; Gu, Junfei; Zhang, Jianhua; Yang, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108165

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…About 75% of the global rice volume is produced conventionally in irrigated lowland systems under continuously flooded (CF) conditions [12][13][14][15]. In Tanzania, about 90% of rice is grown under continuous flooding, a practice that requires large amounts of water with less productivity [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the AWD practice has been demonstrated to provide advantages in terms of reducing water use and increasing crop productivity, few studies have been conducted to evaluate potential water-saving irrigation, especially under interaction of water and nitrogen fertilizer in Tanzania [2,16,17,40,41]. In addition to water, nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients that determine rice yields [12,42,43]; thus, its deficiency is a limiting factor for sustainable rice production. However, the use of N fertilizer is generally inefficient, and the average apparent recovery efficiency of N fertilizer is about 33% for rice globally [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to water, nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients that determine rice yields [12,42,43]; thus, its deficiency is a limiting factor for sustainable rice production. However, the use of N fertilizer is generally inefficient, and the average apparent recovery efficiency of N fertilizer is about 33% for rice globally [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity of Paddy Rice with Water-Saving Irrigation and Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilization

et al. 2021

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Rice production in Tanzania, with 67% of its territory considered semi-dry and having average annual rainfall of 300 mm, must be increased to feed an ever-growing population. Water for irrigation and low soil fertility are among the main challenges. One way to decrease water consumption in paddy fields is to change the irrigation regime for rice production, replacing continuous flooding with alternate wetting and drying. In order to assess the impact of different irrigation regimes and nitrogen fertilizer applications on growth, yield, and water productivity of rice, a greenhouse pot experiment with soil from lowland rice ecology was conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania during the 2019 cropping season. The experiment was split-plot based on randomized complete block design with 12 treatments and 3 replications. Water regimes were the main factors comparing continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) with nitrogen fertilizer levels as the subfactor, comparing absolute control (no fertilizer) with 0 (P and K fertilizers), 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg Nha−1. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) significantly improved water productivity by 8.3% over CF (p < 0.05). Water productivity (WP) ranged from 0.6 to 1.5 kg of rice per m3 of water. Average water use ranged from 36 to 82 L per season, and water saving was up to 34.3%. Alternate wetting and drying significantly improved yields (p < 0.05) by 13.3%, and the yield ranged from 21.8 to 118.2 g pot−1. The combination of AWD water management and 60 kg N ha−1 nitrogen fertilization application was found to be the optimal management, however there was no significant difference between 60 and 90 kg N ha−1, in which case 60 kg N ha−1 is recommended because it lowers costs and raises net income. Nitrogen levels significantly affected water productivity, water use, and number of irrigations. Nitrogen levels had significant effect (p < 0.05) on plant height, number of tillers, flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, total tillers, number of productive tillers, panicle weight, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, straw yield, grain yield, and grain harvest index. The results showed that less water can be used to produce more crops under alternative wetting and drying irrigation practices. The results are important for water-scarce areas, providing useful information to policy makers, farmers, agricultural departments, and water management boards in devising future climate-smart adaptation and mitigation strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity of Paddy Rice with Water-Saving Irrigation and Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilization

et al. 2021

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“…The research of Thai et al (2019) revealed that as soil moisture declined, photosynthetic parameters of sugarcane decreased to some degree, and a soil moisture level of 10% might be the critical point beyond which irrigation results in photosynthetic disorders. Zhang et al (2021) demonstrated that the degree of soil drying substantially influenced the yield formation of rice. Farrell et al (2017) indicated that plant species vary relative water content (RWC) and water potential at turgor loss point and concomitant drought sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulatory Mechanism of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis in Fragrant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Under Different Soil Moisture Contents

et al. 2021

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2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) is the key compound of rice aroma. However, the responses of 2-AP biosynthesis in fragrant rice under different soil moisture and the corresponding mechanism are little known. The present study evaluated the effects of different soil moisture on 2-AP biosynthesis through a pot experiment. Four soil moisture contents, that is, 50% (SM50), 40% (SM40), 30% (SM30), and 20% (SM20), were adopted, and SM50 treatment was taken as control. The pots were weighed and watered to maintain the corresponding soil moisture content. The results showed no significant difference in growth parameters (plant height, stem diameter, and plant dry weight) among all treatments. Compared with SM50, SM40, SM30, and SM20 treatments significantly (p<0.05) increased 2-AP content by 32.81, 23.18, and 53.12%, respectively. Between 20 to 90% higher proline content was observed in SM40, SM30, and SM20 treatments than in SM50. Enzymes including proline dehydrogenase, ornithine transaminase, and 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase exhibited lower activities with soil moisture declined. Higher diamine oxidase activity was observed in SM40, SM30, and SM20 treatments compared with SM50, and real-time PCR analyses showed that transcript level of DAO1 was greatly increased under low soil moisture treatments, especially in SM20 treatment. Transcript levels of PRODH, DAO2, DAO4, DAO5, OAT, P5CS1, and P5CS2 decreased or maintained in SM40, SM30, and SM20 treatments compared with SM50. We deduced that low soil moisture content enhanced 2-AP biosynthesis mainly by upregulating the expression of DAO1 to promote the conversion from putrescine to 2-AP.

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“…The total P and K rates were both 180 kg ha −1 and were applied once as base dressing at 1 d before transplanting. The irrigation regime adopted in field experiment followed the alternate wetting and drying method, which applied multiple flooding and drainage during the rice-growing cycle [26]. The weed and pest management were identical during the ricegrowing period in all experimental plots.…”

Section: Rice Cultivar Experimental Design and Field Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

Meng

Zhang

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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Grain yield was greatly increased during the genetic improvement of japonica inbred rice since the 1980s in Jiangsu, east China; thus, an improved plant morphology should be expected, considering that plant morphology is a decisive factor determining grain yield. Twelve representative japonica inbred rice released from 1983 to 2013 were grown in the same fields in 2019 and 2020. Grain yield increased (p < 0.01) at 63.3 kg ha−1 year−1 across 2 years among rice cultivars released in different periods. The genetic improvement in grain yield was associated with increased spikelets per panicle. Single panicle weight, number of primary and secondary branches, and number of grains on primary and secondary branches were all increased with a year of release. Generally, the width of top three leaves positively correlated (while angle of top three leaves and light extinction coefficient negatively) correlated (p < 0.01) with year of release. Leaf area per tiller and leaf area index at heading and maturity, specific leaf weight, leaf photosynthetic rate, and SPAD values after heading were all increased linearly with year of release. Plant height exhibited a positive (p < 0.01) trend with year of release, as well as stem weight per tiller and K and Si concentrations of stem. Spikelets per panicle, width of top three leaves, plant height, and leaf area index, and specific leaf weight after heading positively correlated (while angle of top three leaves and light extinction coefficient negatively) correlated (p < 0.01) with grain yield and single panicle weight. Our results suggested that modern japonica inbred rice exhibited expanded sink size by spikelets per panicle, higher leaf area through leaf width, optimized leaf photosynthetic capacity, lower leaf angle and light extinction coefficient, and enhanced stem strength. These improved plant morphologies facilitated yield increases of japonica inbred rice since the 1980s in east China.

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Alternate wetting and drying irrigation combined with the proportion of polymer-coated urea and conventional urea rates increases grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiencies in rice

Cited by 41 publications

References 51 publications

Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity of Paddy Rice with Water-Saving Irrigation and Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilization

Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Water Productivity of Paddy Rice with Water-Saving Irrigation and Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilization

The Regulatory Mechanism of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis in Fragrant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Under Different Soil Moisture Contents

Improvements in Plant Morphology Facilitating Progressive Yield Increases of japonica Inbred Rice since the 1980s in East China

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