Alternate current electrolysis

Hopkinson, J.; Wilson, Ernest J.; Lydall, Francis

doi:10.1098/rspl.1893.0088

Proc. R. Soc. Lond.

1894

DOI: 10.1098/rspl.1893.0088

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Alternate current electrolysis

J. Hopkinson¹,

Ernest J. Wilson²,

Francis Lydall³

Abstract: Our attention has been called to the interesting work of Messrs. Bedell, Ballantyne, and Williamson on “Alternate Current Condensers and Dielectric Hysteresis,” in the ‘ Physical Review' for September—October, 1893. As experiments bearing upon an analogous subject were carried out in the Siemens Laboratory, King’s College, London, we think it may be of interest to publish them.

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Ueber die Polarisation bei Wechselstrom

Wien

1896

Annalen der Physik

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. Uelrer dde PoEarisat,ion 6e.2 Wechselstr*ont ;von X a x W4en. Geht ein Wechselstrom durch eine Fliissigkeitszelle, so entsteht infolge der Polarisation der Electroden eine neue periodische electromotorische Kraft e. Ueber diese electromotorische Kraft macht man nach dem Vorgang von F. Kohlr a u s c h 1) die Annahme, dass sie proportional der Electricitatsmenge sei, welche seit dem Stromwechsel des primaren Stromes durch die Zelle hindurchgegangen ist. Indem man nun C die ,.Capacitat" der Electroden nennt! wird e = ( l / C ) J J d t , worin J die Stromintensitat bedeutet. 1st w der Widerstand, E, cos n t die sinusformige aussere electromotorische Kraft, a die Stromamplitude, so ist: &,cosnt = a mcosnt + -sin n t \ Hiernach konnte man die Fliissigkeitszelle in ihrer Wirkung auf den Sinusstrom ersetzen durch einen metallischen Widerstand w gleich dem, wie er der Leitungsfahigkeit der Fliissigkeit und den Dimensionen der Zelle entspricht, und durch einen dahintergeschalteten Condensator von der Capacitat C. Im Folgenden sol1 experimentell nachgewiesen werden, dass dies nicht genau zutiifft : eine Fliissigkeitszelle verhiilt sich gegenilber einem Wechselstrom allerdings wie ein Widerstand mit dahintergeschalteter Capacitilt. Jedoch ist dieser Widerstand stets grosser, als er sich aus den Dimensionen der Zelle und der Leituqsfihigkeit der Fluss

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Ueber die Polarisation bei Wechselstrom

Wien

1896

Annalen der Physik

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Electrolytic Capacity and Resistance of Pt-Rhodamine B-Pt Cell, as Determined by a Phase Angle Method of Measurement

Sun

1924

Phys. Rev.

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Direct measurement of the phase angle of any reactive circuit.-The circuit is placed between A and B in one arm of a bridge, an adjustable resistance R between B and C, two equal resistances between A and D and between D and C. An e.m.f. E is applied at A and C, and the potential difference between B and D is determined by applying a known e.m.f. in quadrature with JS, and adjusting for zero current. For highest sensitiveness, R should equal the impedance of the reactive circuit. The sensitiveness increases with decreasing frequency. The method is useful in testing any auto-transformer.Sensitive null instrument for alternating currents.-A direct current galvanometer was connected in series with a synchronous commutator, permitting independent adjustment of E and R for zero current.Electrolytic capacity and resistance of Pt-Rhodamine B-Pt cell-was measured by the phase angle method for various cells with electrodes of solid Pt or of cathodically deposited films of various thicknesses in various relative positions. The results can be regarded as correct only when the electrodes have relatively small resistance. For the case of two parallel plates, the correction for the resistances of the electrodes is made. Variations with e.m.f. and frequency. The resistance is constant but capacity increases with e.m.f. for values above 0.4 volts and decreases with frequency in proportion to l/v7 for 10 to 70 cycles. Variation with arrangement of electrodes. A cell with parallel solid electrodes has a greater capacity than one with the same electrodes lying in a plane. The capacity increased as the thickness of the sputtered film decreased and was greater for films with a black color. Effect of increasing concentration and temperature was to increase the capacity and decrease the resistance.

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Alternate current electrolysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Ueber die Polarisation bei Wechselstrom

Ueber die Polarisation bei Wechselstrom

Electrolytic Capacity and Resistance of Pt-Rhodamine B-Pt Cell, as Determined by a Phase Angle Method of Measurement

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