Altered triglyceride glucose index and fasted serum triglyceride high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio predict incidence of cardiovascular disease in the Mashhad cohort study

Abstract

The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and triglyceride/high lipoprotein density cholesterol (TG/HDL‐C) are two important risk markers to evaluate the insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To assess the association between TG/HDL‐C and TyG index and CVDs. The Mashhad stroke and heart association disorder cohort study started in 2010 and has been continued until 2020. During 6‐year follow‐up of 9704 participants, 235 events including 118 acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 83 chronic coronary syndrome, 27 myocardial infarction, and 27 cardiac death were confirmed. SPSS software (version 21) was used for statistical analysis and figures were drawn by GraphPad Prism 6 software. The prevalence of ACS and cardiac death were higher in the fourth quartile of serum TG/HDL‐C (>4.43) and higher prevalence of ACS was considered in subjects classified in the fourth quartile of TyG index (>8.98). A high TyG index was associated with an increased risk of ACS and cardiac death [1.362 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.013–1.831]) and 2.3 (95% CI: [1.247–4.241])] respectively; based on Cox regression analysis elevated TyG and TG/HDL‐C increased the chance of CVD by [1.634 (95% CI: 1.304–2.047) and 1.068 (95% CI: 1.031–1.105)], respectively. Our results strongly showed that TyG index and TG/HDL‐C are independent risk factors for incident CVD, suggesting that TyG index and TG/HDL‐C may be as an important unique biomarker for predicting CVD outcomes and progression.

Relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In addition, one retrospective cohort study showed that the TyG index was associated with increased CVD incidence in a nondiabetes population after a median follow-up of 5.6 years [ 35 ]. Another prospective cohort study confirmed this association (per 1 SD HR = 1.82; 95% CI 1.38–2.40) after excluding patients with diabetes and CVD history after 6 years of follow-up [ 39 ]. Park demonstrated the relevance of CAD incidence for the TyG index in a nondiabetes population (HR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.69–2.40) [ 40 ].…”

“…The span of follow-up ranged from 4.1 years to 16.1 years. Of these studies, ten studies were performed in Asia (four in China [ 19 , 20 , 37 , 38 ], four in Korea [ 34 – 36 , 40 ] and two in Iran [ 18 , 39 ]), one was from the Americas (The United States of America [USA] [ 42 ]) and one was from Europe (Spain [ 41 ]). In addition, six were prospective cohort studies [ 18 – 20 , 39 – 41 ]; the others were retrospective cohort studies [ 34 – 38 , 42 ].…”

“…The definitions of CVD in each study are listed in Additional file 1 : Table S4. All articles reported the follow-up time, with eleven exceeding 5 years [ 18 – 20 , 34 – 39 , 41 , 42 ]. The span of follow-up ranged from 4.1 years to 16.1 years.…”

Associations of the Cardiometabolic Index with the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Hypertension and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results of a Longitudinal Cohort Study

“…WHtR has been reported to be a better discriminator of CHD and stroke risk than WC and BMI [61][62][63]. The TG/HDL-C ratio is likewise considered a decent indicator of CVD risk [64,65]. The TG/HDL-C ratio has been shown to reflect small atherogenic LDL-C particles and is strongly associated with IR and metabolic syndrome [65][66][67].…”

“…The TG/HDL-C ratio is likewise considered a decent indicator of CVD risk [64,65]. The TG/HDL-C ratio has been shown to reflect small atherogenic LDL-C particles and is strongly associated with IR and metabolic syndrome [65][66][67]. Metabolic syndrome and IR are well-known markers of CVD risk, especially diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis [68,69].…”