Altered synaptophysin-immunoreactive pattern in human olivary hypertrophy

Kawanami, Toru; Kato, Takeshi; Llena, J. F.; Hirano, Atsushi; Sasaki, Hideo

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(94)90076-0

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We showed that the distribution of SYP‐immunoreactivity in PH‐IO became abnormal, consistent with a previous report by Kawanami et al. 5 They reported an altered SYP‐immunoreactivity in PH‐IO. This consisted of intraneuronal granules, numerous immunoreactive dots (abnormally increased presynaptic terminals) on the neuronal cell bodies, and SYP‐immunoreactivity in “glomeruloid structures”, although fine granular SYP‐immunoreactivity was diffusely decreased in the neuropil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Pathological study of pseudohypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus

et al. 2010

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There have been only a few reports about the immunohistochemical study of pseudohypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus (PH-IO). We therefore performed the detailed immunohistochemical study of 10 PH-IOs in 8 patients to clarify the mechanism of neuronal degeneration and its related phenomenon of PH-IO. We used various antibodies to alphaB-crystallin (alphaBC), synaptophysin (SYP), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) receptors, heat shock protein (HSP) 27 as well as SMI-31. We found alphaBC-positive neurons on the ipsilateral side of 10 PH-IOs. SMI-31-positive neurons were also observed in 6 PH-IOs. Confocal laser microscopy showed co-localization of alphaBC and SMI-31 in some neurons. However, there were no HSP27-positive neurons or astrocytes in any of the 10 PH-IOs. MAP2 immunostaining showed MAP2-positive hypertrophic thick neurites around hypertrophic neurons on the ipsilateral side of 7 PH-IOs and demonstrated "glomeruloid structures" in 3 PH-IOs. In addition, fine granular SYP-immunoreactivity was decreased in the neuropils on the ipsilateral side of all 10 PH-IOs. SYP-immunoreactive dots were scattered in the neuropils and on the neuronal cell bodies on the side of 7 PH-IOs, and the aggregation of SYP-immunoreactive dots scattered in the neuropils was shown in 3 PH-IOs. Double-immunostainings using anti-MAP2 and anti-SYP antibodies demonstrated frequent SYP-immunoreactive dots along the MAP2-positive hypertrophic thick neurites and their cell bodies. Periphery-stained KDEL-positive neurons were also found on the side of 7 PH-IOs. We showed that the change of the distribution of presynaptic terminals correlated well to the hypertrophic thick neurites in PH-IO. Our immuohistochemical stainings demonstrated various changes which occurred to the neurons in PH-IO, and their neurites and presynaptic terminals. We considered that alphaBC was expressed in the neurons in PH-IO, induced by cellular stress. Such a detailed immunohistochemical investigation has not been reported previously.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Kawanami et al. 5 showed the change in the distribution of presynaptic terminals by immunostaining using antibodies to synaptophysin (SYP). In our preliminary report, 6 we showed αB‐crystallin (αBC)‐positive neurons in PH‐IO for the first time, followed by a report of Fukushima et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological study of pseudohypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus

et al. 2010

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“…It is a phenomenon observed in adult brains secondary to lesions of the central tegmental tract, red or dentate nuclei that cause deafferentation of the inferior olive [29,30] and is associated with altered synaptophysin reactivity in the hypertrophic inferior olive [31] and strong α-B-crystallin expression [32]. Our study demonstrates that olivary pseudohypertrophy does not occur prior to innervation in the 9-week fetus or during maturation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Sequence of Synaptogenesis in the Fetal and Neonatal Cerebellar System - Part 1: Guillain-Mollaret Triangle (Dentato-Rubro-Olivo-Cerebellar Circuit)

Sarnat¹,

Flores‐Sarnat²,

Auer³

2013

Dev Neurosci

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Precise temporal and spatial sequences of synaptogenesis occur in the cerebellar system, as in other synaptic circuits of the brain. In postmortem brain sections of 172 human fetuses and neonates, synaptophysin immunoreactivity was studied in nuclei of the Guillain-Mollaret triangle: dentato-olivo-rubro-cerebellar circuit. Synaptophysin demonstrates not only progressive increase in synaptic vesicles in each structure, but also shows the development of shape from amorphous globular neuronal aggregates to undulated nuclei. Intensity of synaptophysin reactivity is strong before the mature shape of these nuclei is achieved. Accessory olivary and deep cerebellar nuclei are intensely stained earlier than the principal olivary and dentate nuclei. The dorsal blades of both form earlier than the ventral, with reactivity initially peripheral. Initiation of synaptophysin reactivity is at 13 weeks in the inferior olive (r6, r7) and at 16 weeks in the dentate (r2). Initial synaptic vesicles are noted at 13 weeks in the red nucleus (r0); synapses form initially on the small neurons at 13 weeks but thereafter simultaneously on small and large neurons. Form and reactivity follow caudorostral, dorsoventral and mediolateral gradients in the axes of the rhombencephalon. This study provides control data to serve as a basis for interpreting aberrations in synaptogenesis in malformations of the cerebellar system, genetic disorders and acquired insults to the cerebellum and brainstem during fetal life, applicable to tissue sections and complementing biochemical and molecular techniques.

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“…The variable effects of afferent disconnection relate not only to age, but also to a specific nuclear group. Synaptophysin immunostaining showed that presynaptic terminals in the inferior olivary nucleus changed their distribution during the course of olivary hypertrophy 4 . Transneuronal degeneration in the human inferior olivary nuclei showed a unique pathologic reaction, characterized by neuronal enlargement and marked astrocytic reactions 1,3 , 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Olivary hypertrophy or pseudohypertrophy has been shown to result from lesions of dentato‐rubro‐olivary triangles, particularly from ipsilateral central tegmental tract lesions 1–5 . It has therefore been accepted that an anteriograde transneuronal (trans‐synaptic) mechanism is involved in the pathogenesis of olivary hypertrophy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased neuronal expression of alpha B‐crystallin in human olivary hypertrophy

Fukushima

Mizuno

Takatama³

et al. 2006

Neuropathology

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We studied morphologic changes in olivary hypertrophy from dentato-olivary tract lesions by immunohistologic methods with antialpha B-crystallin and antiheat shock protein 27 (HSP 27). The majority of central chromatolysis-like enlarged neurons, which are frequently seen in the early stages of olivary hypertrophy on ipsilateral lesions, showed a marked expression of alpha B-crystallin; however, HSP 27 did not show increased expression in those neurons. In the later stages of olivary hypertrophy, increased expressions of alpha B-crystallin varied in the remaining neurons and the expression of HSP 27 increased in hypertrophied astrocytes, although the expression of alpha B-crystallin in hypertrophic astrocytes was not prominent. The accumulation of alpha B-crystallin and HSP 27 may represent responses to pathologic conditions.

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Altered synaptophysin-immunoreactive pattern in human olivary hypertrophy

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Pathological study of pseudohypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus

Pathological study of pseudohypertrophy of the inferior olivary nucleus

Sequence of Synaptogenesis in the Fetal and Neonatal Cerebellar System - Part 1: Guillain-Mollaret Triangle (Dentato-Rubro-Olivo-Cerebellar Circuit)

Increased neuronal expression of alpha B‐crystallin in human olivary hypertrophy

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