Altered Signature of Apoptotic Endothelial Cell-Derived Microvesicles Predicts Chronic Heart Failure Phenotypes

Abstract

Aim: to evaluate the associations between signatures of apoptotic endothelial cell-derived microvesicles (MVs) with phenotypes of chronic heart failure (HF). Methods: The study cohort consisted of 388 prospectively involved subjects with HF patients with predominantly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF), HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and HF with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF). All biomarkers were measured at baseline. Results: The number of circulating CD31+/annexin V+ MVs in HFrEF and HFmrEF patients was similar. The number of circulating CD144+/annexin V+ MVs in HFrEF patients was significantly higher than HFmrEF and HFpEF. We determined that a combination of number of circulating CD31+/annexin V+ MVs and Gal-3 was the best predictor of HFpEF and that number of circulating CD144+/annexin V+ MVs is able to increase predictive capabilities of soluble ST2 (sST2) and Gal-3 for HFrEF. Conclusion: We found that the number of circulating CD31+/annexin V+ MVs may improve a predictive capacity for conventional HF biomarkers.

Risk of bias in studies investigating novel diagnostic biomarkers for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. A systematic review

“…The 28 selected studies included a wide range of potential novel diagnostic HFpEF circulating biomarkers ( Table 1 ). 22–49 …”

microRNA‐129 overexpression in endothelial cell‐derived extracellular vesicle influences inflammatory response caused by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

“…Initially, our results revealed that mice with I/R presented myocardial fibrosis, significant enhanced cell apoptosis and inflammatory response in myocardial tissues, yet HUVECs-EVs reversed these unfavorable results. Interestingly, apoptotic endothelial cell-derived EVs have been identified to predict chronic heart failure phenotypes and reduce left ventricular ejection fraction of patients with chronic heart failure (Berezin et al, 2016(Berezin et al, , 2019. HUVECs-released exosomes were able to prevent nerve cells against I/R in cerebral ischemia (Xiao et al, 2017).…”

Endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles in atherosclerosis: the emerging value for diagnosis, risk stratification and prognostication

“…The total number of endothelial cell-derived EVs was significantly and positively correlated with oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in healthy younger individuals. While the ability of activated endothelial cells to release EVs packed with proangiogenic molecules progressively decreases in patients with established CAD, apoptotic endothelial cell-derived EVs appear to be detected in higher concentrations [57,58] . This phenomenon probably reflects maladaptive responses of the endothelium in advanced atherosclerosis and decreased control of local vascular inflammation is associated with an altered, intra-plaque immune phenotype of the cells including macrophages and endothelial cells [ Figure 2].…”