Altered mitochondrial gene expression in a maternal distorted leaf mutant of Arabidopsis induced by chloroplast mutator.

Sakamoto, Wataru; Kondō, Hideki; Murata, Minoru; Motoyoshi, Fusao

doi:10.1105/tpc.8.8.1377

Cited by 123 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The extent of the observed mitochondrial rearrangement in the msh1 mutant (formerly designated chm1) is surprising in light of previous reports suggesting a limited, localized point of mitochondrial rearrangement (Sakamoto et al 1996;Shedge et al 2007). The seeming disparity in results derives from differing experimental approaches.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Diversity of the Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Genome Occurs via Nuclear-Controlled Recombination Activity

Arrieta-Montiel¹,

Shedge²,

Davila³

et al. 2009

Genetics

167

217

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The plant mitochondrial genome is recombinogenic, with DNA exchange activity controlled to a large extent by nuclear gene products. One nuclear gene, MSH1, appears to participate in suppressing recombination in Arabidopsis at every repeated sequence ranging in size from 108 to 556 bp. Present in a wide range of plant species, these mitochondrial repeats display evidence of successful asymmetric DNA exchange in Arabidopsis when MSH1 is disrupted. Recombination frequency appears to be influenced by repeat sequence homology and size, with larger size repeats corresponding to increased DNA exchange activity. The extensive mitochondrial genomic reorganization of the msh1 mutant produced altered mitochondrial transcription patterns. Comparison of mitochondrial genomes from the Arabidopsis ecotypes C24, Col-0, and Ler suggests that MSH1 activity accounts for most or all of the polymorphisms distinguishing these genomes, producing ecotype-specific stoichiometric changes in each line. Our observations suggest that MSH1 participates in mitochondrial genome evolution by influencing the lineagespecific pattern of mitochondrial genetic variation in higher plants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Diversity of the Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Genome Occurs via Nuclear-Controlled Recombination Activity

Arrieta-Montiel¹,

Shedge²,

Davila³

et al. 2009

Genetics

167

217

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on the Arabidopsis genomic sequence information, we designed primers for each gene, and RT-PCR was performed as described (Sakamoto et al, 1996). The amplified cDNAs were inserted in frame into the expression vector pCR T7/NT-TOPO (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) such that the His tag was fused at the N-terminal end.…”

Section: Fusion Protein Analysis and Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Regulation and Complex Formation of YELLOW VARIEGATED1 and YELLOW VARIEGATED2, Chloroplastic FtsH Metalloproteases Involved in the Repair Cycle of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis Thylakoid Membranes

et al. 2003

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Arabidopsis YELLOW VARIEGATED1 ( VAR1 ) and VAR2 are separate loci that encode similar chloroplast FtsH proteases. To date, FtsH is the best-characterized protease in thylakoid membranes involved in the turnover of photosynthetic protein complexes. It comprises a protein family that is encoded by 12 different nuclear genes in Arabidopsis. We show here that nine FtsH proteins are located in the chloroplasts. Mutations in either VAR1 or VAR2 cause typical leaf variegation and sensitivity to photoinhibition. By contrast, none of these phenotypes was observed in T-DNA insertion mutants in other ftsH genes ( ftsh1 , ftsh6 , and ftsh8 ) closely related to VAR1 and VAR2 . This finding suggests that VAR1 and VAR2 play a predominant role in the photosystem II repair cycle in thylakoid membranes. By generating VAR1-and VAR2-specific antibodies, we found that loss of either VAR1 or VAR2 results in the decreased accumulation of the other. Thus, the genetic nonredundancy between VAR1 and VAR2 could be attributed to their coordinated regulation at the protein level. These observations led us to examine whether VAR1 and VAR2 form a complex. Sucrose density gradient and gel filtration analyses revealed a complex of ‫ف‬ 400 to 450 kD, probably representing a hexamer. Furthermore, VAR1 and VAR2 were shown to coprecipitate by immunoprecipitation using VAR1-and VAR2-specific antibodies. The majority of VAR1 appears to exist as heterocomplexes with VAR2, whereas VAR2 may be present as homocomplexes as well. Based on these results, we conclude that VAR1 and VAR2 are the major components of an FtsH complex involved in the repair of photodamaged proteins in thylakoid membranes.

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“…The various causes of this variegation include plastid ribosome deficiency (Han et al 1992, Hess et al 1993, alteration of plastid genome (Stoike and Sears 1998), mitochondrial dysfunction (Martínez-Zapater et al 1992, Sakamoto et al 1996, and deficiencies in carotenoid biosynthesis (Wetzel et al 1994). Variegated plants have played prominent roles in research on genetics (e.g., discovery of non-Mendelian inheritance) and morphology (e.g., analysis of cell lineage in leaf development).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chloroplast dysfunction in a subpopulation of leaf mesophyll cells on photosynthetic and respiratory activities of a whole leaf: A study using variegated leaves of Hedera helix L.

et al. 2009

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Summary:A variegated leaf of Hedera helix is composed of green and white mesophyll cells with and without photosynthetic capacity, respectively. We measured the photosynthesis and dark respiration rates, as well as CO 2 compensation points, of H. helix leaves with various extents of variegation. The photosynthetic rate (on an area basis) of the variegated leaves increased almost linearly according to the increase in the proportion of green area to total leaf area. In contrast, dark respiration rate was nearly constant irrespective of the extent of leaf variegation. These results suggest that chloroplast dysfunction in white mesophyll cells did not drastically affect photosynthetic activity of green mesophyll cells, or respiratory rates of both green and white mesophyll cells. CO 2 compensation point was elevated when the proportion of green area became extremely low, indicating that the proportion of non-photosynthetic cells within a photosynthetic organ could affect its CO 2 compensation point.

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Altered mitochondrial gene expression in a maternal distorted leaf mutant of Arabidopsis induced by chloroplast mutator.

Cited by 123 publications

References 43 publications

Diversity of the Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Genome Occurs via Nuclear-Controlled Recombination Activity

Diversity of the Arabidopsis Mitochondrial Genome Occurs via Nuclear-Controlled Recombination Activity

Coordinated Regulation and Complex Formation of YELLOW VARIEGATED1 and YELLOW VARIEGATED2, Chloroplastic FtsH Metalloproteases Involved in the Repair Cycle of Photosystem II in Arabidopsis Thylakoid Membranes

Effects of chloroplast dysfunction in a subpopulation of leaf mesophyll cells on photosynthetic and respiratory activities of a whole leaf: A study using variegated leaves of Hedera helix L.

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