Altered microRNA expression in severe COVID‐19: Potential prognostic and pathophysiological role

“…The serum levels of circulating miR-122, miR-22, and miR-34a were correlated with liver injury in HIV patients and may serve as biomarkers [ 23 ]. After the outbreak of COVID-19, dozens of studies have shown that dysregulation of certain miRNAs in the COVID-19 patients has a critical impact in terms of viral activity, host responses, severity and mortality [ 24 ], suggesting that miRNAs may also serve as potential predictors for COVID-19 [ 22 , 24 , 25 ]. Recently, emerging evidences have shown that one kind of tRNA-derived RNAs (tsRNAs) was reported as diagnostic biomarkers in several diseases including epilepsy, clear cell renal cell carcinoma and gastric cancer [ 26 ].…”

Section: Noncoding Rnas With Theranostic Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncoding RNAs Emerging as Drugs or Drug Targets: Their Chemical Modification, Bio-Conjugation and Intracellular Regulation

Wang

Tian

et al. 2022

Molecules

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With the increasing understanding of various disease-related noncoding RNAs, ncRNAs are emerging as novel drugs and drug targets. Nucleic acid drugs based on different types of noncoding RNAs have been designed and tested. Chemical modification has been applied to noncoding RNAs such as siRNA or miRNA to increase the resistance to degradation with minimum influence on their biological function. Chemical biological methods have also been developed to regulate relevant noncoding RNAs in the occurrence of various diseases. New strategies such as designing ribonuclease targeting chimeras to degrade endogenous noncoding RNAs are emerging as promising approaches to regulate gene expressions, serving as next-generation drugs. This review summarized the current state of noncoding RNA-based theranostics, major chemical modifications of noncoding RNAs to develop nucleic acid drugs, conjugation of RNA with different functional biomolecules as well as design and screening of potential molecules to regulate the expression or activity of endogenous noncoding RNAs for drug development. Finally, strategies of improving the delivery of noncoding RNAs are discussed.

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“…Several studies have shown a difference in miRNA expression levels between COVID-19 patients and uninfected individuals [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. In our previous study [ 55 ], a lower total number of miRNAs expressed in nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with severe COVID-19 was noted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes Involved in miRNA Biogenesis Are Not Downregulated in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Garnier

Sané²,

Massara

et al. 2023

Viruses

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miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, are involved in various pathological processes, including viral infections. Virus infections may interfere with the miRNA pathway through the inhibition of genes involved in miRNA biogenesis. A reduction in the number and the levels of miRNAs expressed in nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with severe COVID-19 was lately observed by us, pointing towards the potential of miRNAs as possible diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for predicting outcomes among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 infection influences the expression levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of key genes involved in miRNA biogenesis. mRNA levels of AGO2, DICER1, DGCR8, DROSHA, and Exportin-5 (XPO5) were measured by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in nasopharyngeal swab specimens from patients with COVID-19 and controls, as well as in cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Our data showed that the mRNA expression levels of AGO2, DICER1, DGCR8, DROSHA, and XPO5 were not significantly different in patients with severe COVID-19 when compared to patients with non-severe COVID-19 and controls. Similarly, the mRNA expression of these genes was not affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHBE and Calu-3 cells. However, in Vero E6 cells, AGO2, DICER1, DGCR8, and XPO5 mRNA levels were slightly upregulated 24 h after infection with SARS-CoV-2. In conclusion, we did not find evidence for downregulation of mRNA levels of miRNA biogenesis genes during SARS-CoV-2 infection, neither ex vivo nor in vitro.

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Altered microRNA expression in severe COVID‐19: Potential prognostic and pathophysiological role

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Host miRNAs as biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a critical review

Host miRNAs as biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a critical review

Noncoding RNAs Emerging as Drugs or Drug Targets: Their Chemical Modification, Bio-Conjugation and Intracellular Regulation

Genes Involved in miRNA Biogenesis Are Not Downregulated in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

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