Altered functional connectivity during evaluation of self-relevance in women with borderline personality disorder

Orth, Linda; Zweerings, Jana; Ibrahim, Camellia N.; Neuner, Irene; Sarkheil, Pegah

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102324

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…BPD‐tb‐17 129 demonstrated that BPD patients, compared to HC, did not show a positive correlation between memory task performance and left anterior hippocampal activity. BPD‐tb‐18 130 showed decreased FC between the hippocampus and ACC during a memory task in the BPD group. The hippocampus is a well‐known structure that is responsible for consolidating short‐term, long‐term, and spatial memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Functional MRI findings in personality disorders: A review

Zarnowski

Ziton

Holmberg

et al. 2021

Journal of Neuroimaging

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Personality disorders (PDs) have a prevalence of approximately 10% in the United States, translating to over 30 million people affected in just one country. The true prevalence of these disorders may be even higher, as the paucity of objective diagnostic criteria could be leading to underdiagnosis. Because little is known about the underlying neuropathologies of these disorders, patients are diagnosed using subjective criteria and treated nonspecifically. To better understand the neural aberrancies responsible for these patients' symptoms, a review of functional MRI literature was performed. The findings reveal that each PD is characterized by a unique set of activation changes corresponding to individual structures or specific neural networks. While unique patterns of neural activity are distinguishable within each PD, aberrations of the limbic/paralimbic structures and default mode network are noted across several of them. In addition to identifying valuable activation patterns, this review reveals a void in research pertaining to paranoid, schizoid, histrionic, narcissistic, and dependent PDs. By delineating patterns in PD neuropathology, we can more effectively direct future research efforts toward enhancing objective diagnostic techniques and developing targeted treatment modalities. Furthermore, understanding why patients are manifesting certain symptoms can advance clinical awareness and improve patient outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…BPD‐tb‐17 129 and BPD‐tb‐18 130 both employed memory‐based tasks and discovered hippocampal abberancies in BPD patients. BPD‐tb‐17 129 demonstrated that BPD patients, compared to HC, did not show a positive correlation between memory task performance and left anterior hippocampal activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional MRI findings in personality disorders: A review

Zarnowski

Ziton

Holmberg

et al. 2021

Journal of Neuroimaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Abnormalities in the triple network’s FC have been widely documented in BPD [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Our results extend this evidence showing for the first time that triple network’s impairment in BPD also affects WM microstructure (i.e., SC), while the circuits’ morphology is spared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hypothesis of a triple network’s model dysfunction in BPD is supported by resting-state functional MRI studies reporting SN, DMN, and ECN functional connectivity (FC) alterations in patients compared to healthy controls (HC). Aberrant FC in the SN has been associated with emotional and social behavior dysregulations, lower metacognitive abilities, altered reward and salience processing, and impaired self-relevance evaluation [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], while in the DMN have been associated to emotional dysregulation, including pain processing [ 4 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Finally, FC alterations in the ECN have been associated to impulse dyscontrol [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant Structural Connectivity of the Triple Network System in Borderline Personality Disorder Is Associated with Behavioral Dysregulation

Quattrini

Magni

Lanfredi

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background: Core symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) are associated to aberrant connectivity of the triple network system (salience network [SN], default mode network [DMN], executive control network [ECN]). While functional abnormalities are widely reported, structural connectivity (SC) and anatomical changes have not yet been investigated. Here, we explored the triple network’s SC, structure, and its association with BPD clinical features. Methods: A total of 60 BPD and 26 healthy controls (HC) underwent a multidomain neuropsychological and multimodal MRI (diffusion- and T1-weighted imaging) assessment. Metrics (fractional anisotropy [FA], mean diffusivity [MD], cortical thickness) were extracted from SN, DMN, ECN (triple network), and visual network (control network) using established atlases. Multivariate general linear models were conducted to assess group differences in metrics and associations with clinical features. Results: Patients showed increased MD in the anterior SN, dorsal DMN, and right ECN compared to HC. Diffusivity increases were more pronounced in patients with higher behavioral dysregulation, i.e., suicidal attempting, self-harm, and aggressiveness. No differences were detected in network structure. Conclusions: These results indicate that the triple network system is impaired in BPD at the microstructural level. The preferential involvement of anterior and right-lateralized subsystems and their clinical association suggests that these abnormalities could contribute to behavioral dysregulation.

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“…On the one hand, some neuroimaging studies show resting state alterations of structural and functional connectivity, suggesting that traumatic disintegration compromises different mental functions as trait vulnerability [79][80][81]. On the other hand, several studies demonstrate that aberrant functional connectivity emerges only after an emotional task or a trauma trigger [70,74,[82][83][84].…”

Section: The Role Of Attachment Trauma In Determining Mental Disinteg...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Traumatic Disintegration, Detachment, and Dissociation Separate Pathogenic Processes Related to Attachment Trauma? A Working Hypothesis for Clinicians and Researchers

Farina,

Imperatori

2023

Psychopathology

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Background: Despite its high prevalence in all psychiatric disorders and its widely demonstrated clinical relevance as a marker of both clinical severity and poorer treatment response, a scientifically validated definition of dissociation remains controversial, and the understanding of its pathogenesis is still somewhat lacking. Furthermore, although most clinicians commonly refer to dissociation as a single unitary concept, the empirical evidence strongly supports the paucity of a one-dimensional approach to dissociation. Summary: Resonating with the clinical and neuroscientific data on this topic, this article aimed to provide a working hypothesis, suggesting that the wide variety of psychopathological phenomena that are currently improperly lumped into the category of dissociation are in fact produced by at least three different pathogenic processes involved in developmental trauma, namely, traumatic disintegration, detachment responses, and dissociation. Key Messages: This hypothesis should, therefore, be considered a starting point for a better understanding of the complex manifestations and processes that currently overly, attributed to dissociation per se.

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Altered functional connectivity during evaluation of self-relevance in women with borderline personality disorder

Cited by 5 publications

References 70 publications

Functional MRI findings in personality disorders: A review

Functional MRI findings in personality disorders: A review

Aberrant Structural Connectivity of the Triple Network System in Borderline Personality Disorder Is Associated with Behavioral Dysregulation

Are Traumatic Disintegration, Detachment, and Dissociation Separate Pathogenic Processes Related to Attachment Trauma? A Working Hypothesis for Clinicians and Researchers

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