Altered expression of<i>Ta<scp>RSL</scp>4</i>gene by genome interplay shapes root hair length in allopolyploid wheat

Han, Yuepeng; Xin, Mingming; Huang, Ke; Xu, Yuan; Liu, Zhenshan; Hu, Zhaorong; Yao, Yingyin; Peng, Huiru; Sun, Qixin

doi:10.1111/nph.13615

Cited by 49 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Of note, RSL4 is rapidly degraded after root hair elongation is initiated; Pi deficiency significantly increases the synthesis and half-life of RSL4 (Datta et al, 2015). The function of RSL4 appears to be conserved; natural and synthetic allopolyploid wheat form longer root hairs than their diploid progenitors, a trait that was positively correlated with the expression level of TaRSL4 (Han et al, 2016). This result is in line with the findings of Stetter et al (2015), who observed longer and denser root hairs in polyploid Arabidopsis accessions.…”

Section: The Control Of Root Hair Elongation and Lengthsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This result is in line with the findings of Stetter et al (2015), who observed longer and denser root hairs in polyploid Arabidopsis accessions. Consistent with a crucial function of root hairs particularly in nutrient-poor environments, overexpression of TaRSL4 led to increased shoot fresh biomass under such conditions (Han et al, 2016).…”

Section: The Control Of Root Hair Elongation and Lengthmentioning

confidence: 61%

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The regulation and plasticity of root hair patterning and morphogenesis

2016

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Root hairs are highly specialized cells found in the epidermis of plant roots that play a key role in providing the plant with water and mineral nutrients. Root hairs have been used as a model system for understanding both cell fate determination and the morphogenetic plasticity of cell differentiation. Indeed, many studies have shown that the fate of root epidermal cells, which differentiate into either root hair or non-hair cells, is determined by a complex interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic cues that results in a predictable but highly plastic pattern of epidermal cells that can vary in shape, size and function. Here, we review these studies and discuss recent evidence suggesting that environmental information can be integrated at multiple points in the root hair morphogenetic pathway and affects multifaceted processes at the chromatin, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.

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Section: The Control Of Root Hair Elongation and Lengthsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: The Control Of Root Hair Elongation and Lengthmentioning

confidence: 61%

The regulation and plasticity of root hair patterning and morphogenesis

2016

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“…As early as 1979, significant differences for seminal root numbers of 7‐day‐old plants were reported among Triticum species with different ploidy levels (Sivasithamparam et al ., ). Until recently, we found that synthetic and natural allopolyploid wheats have significantly longer root hairs than those of their diploid progenitors (Han et al ., ). Here, we reported that the average LRNPR in the natural and synthetic allohexaploid wheats was significantly higher than that of allotetraploid wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Three genomes differentially contribute to the seedling lateral root number in allohexaploid wheat: evidence from phenotype evolution and gene expression

Wang

Huang

et al. 2018

The Plant Journal

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Common wheat is an allohexaploid (BBAADD) that originated from the hybridization and polyploidization of the diploid Aegilops tauschii (DD) with the allotetraploid Triticum turgidum (BBAA). Phenotypic changes often arise with the formation and evolution of allopolyploid wheat, but little is known about the evolution of root traits in different wheat species with varying ploidy levels. Here, we reported that the lateral root number on the primary root (LRNPR) of synthetic and natural allohexaploid wheats (BBAADD) is significantly higher than that of their allotetraploid (BBAA) and diploid (AA and SS) progenitors, but is much lower than that of their diploid (DD) progenitors. The expression of the wheat gene TaLBD16, an ortholog of the Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN16/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE18 (LBD16), which is involved in lateral root development in Arabidopsis, was positively correlated with the LRNPR in diploid and allopolyploid wheats. In natural and synthetic allohexaploid wheats, the transcript of the TaLBD16 from the D genome (TaLBD16-D) was relatively more abundant compared with TaLBD16-A and TaLBD16-B. Consistent with the observed variation in LRNPR, the divergence in the expression of TaLBD16 homoeologous genes occurred before the formation of polyploidy wheat. Collectively, our observations indicate that the D genome played a crucial role in the increased lateral root number of allohexaploid wheats compared with their allotetraploid progenitors, and that TaLBD16-D was one of the key genes involved in the formation of lateral root number during wheat evolution.

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“…There are three class I genes in Brachypodium , BdRSL1 , BdRSL2 or BdRSL3 , and ectopic expression of any of these genes in Brachypodium increases root hair length and density (Kim & Dolan, ). Increasing the expression of related RSL genes in rice, Arabidopsis and wheat also increased root hair length (Han et al ., ; Kim & Dolan, ; Kim et al ., ). The present study used transgenic Brachypodium differing in root hair length to test the hypothesis that longer root hairs improve P nutrition in P‐deficient soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do longer root hairs improve phosphorus uptake? Testing the hypothesis with transgenic Brachypodium distachyon lines overexpressing endogenous RSL genes

et al. 2018

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Mutants without root hairs show reduced inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) uptake and compromised growth on soils when Pi availability is restricted. What is less clear is whether root hairs that are longer than wild-type provide an additional benefit to phosphorus (P) nutrition. This was tested using transgenic Brachypodium lines with longer root hairs. The lines were transformed with the endogenous BdRSL2 and BdRSL3 genes using either a constitutive promoter or a root hair-specific promoter. Plants were grown for 32 d in soil amended with various Pi concentrations. Plant biomass and P uptake were measured and genotypes were compared on the basis of critical Pi values and P uptake per unit root length. Ectopic expression of RSL2 and RSL3 increased root hair length three-fold but decreased plant biomass. Constitutive expression of BdRSL2, but not expression of BdRSL3, consistently improved P nutrition as measured by lowering the critical Pi values and increasing Pi uptake per unit root length. Increasing root hair length through breeding or biotechnology can improve P uptake efficiency if the pleotropic effects on plant biomass are avoided. Long root hairs, alone, appear to be insufficient to improve Pi uptake and need to be combined with other traits to benefit P nutrition.

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Altered expression ofTaRSL4gene by genome interplay shapes root hair length in allopolyploid wheat

Cited by 49 publications

References 70 publications

The regulation and plasticity of root hair patterning and morphogenesis

The regulation and plasticity of root hair patterning and morphogenesis

Three genomes differentially contribute to the seedling lateral root number in allohexaploid wheat: evidence from phenotype evolution and gene expression

Do longer root hairs improve phosphorus uptake? Testing the hypothesis with transgenic Brachypodium distachyon lines overexpressing endogenous RSL genes

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