Altered event-related potentials in adults with ADHD during emotional faces processing

Raz, Sivan; Dan, Orrie

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2014.06.023

Cited by 30 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Analyses here focus on the go trials because these are the stimuli that contain emotional content and our primary hypotheses here were related to processing of emotional stimuli. This approach is consistent with other studies, which similarly uses cognitive paradigms (e.g., oddball or go/no-go tasks) [26,27,33,55,56], but focus on response to specific subsets of stimuli. Although we do not consider no-go trials here, the use of a task that demands attention and response to specific stimulus types may be particularly important for eliciting effects for emotional face stimuli in clinical groups that are not seen in other types of tasks [57].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The N170 has been specifically linked to the structural encoding of faces and is consistently larger to face than non-face objects [29,30]. A recent meta-analysis further confirms significant effects of emotion on the N170 with reliably larger amplitude N170 responses to angry, fearful, and happy expressions as compared to neutral expressions [31], and it has been examined as a marker of early emotional processing in several studies of ADHD in adults and adolescents [26,27,32,33]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those with ADHD are known to have difficulty with social interactions and are often rejected by their peers [23]. Although there seems to be a large body of evidence suggesting differences in facial emotion processing in ADHD [24,25], few studies have examined how the processing of emotional faces in ADHD changes across the processing stream [26,27]. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, none have examined how early and late processing of emotional faces related to individual differences in emotional response style.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within ADHD, patterns of findings for the P1 and N170 [26,27,32,33,44] or P3b and LPP components [26,27,44,45] are inconsistent, with studies variously reporting smaller, larger, and equivalent neurophysiological responses as compared to typically-developing individuals. Raz et al, (2015) found a larger P1 to emotional vs. non-emotional faces in adults with ADHD, as well as differences in the N170 component indicating individuals with ADHD responded more strongly to negative than positive affective faces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The relationship between early and late event-related potentials and temperament in adolescents with and without ADHD

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differences in emotional processing are prevalent in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and are related to clinical impairment, but substantial heterogeneity exists. Within ADHD, some individuals experience difficulty with positive/approach emotions, negative/withdrawal emotions, or both. These problems may reflect differences in emotional reactivity, emotion regulation, or a combination, and the neurophysiological correlates remain unclear. Event-related potentials were collected from 109 adolescents (49 with ADHD) while they completed an emotional go/no-go task with three conditions: happy (positive/approach), fear (negative/withdrawal), and neutral. The P1 and N170 were used as a marker of early emotional processing and the P3b and late positive potential (LPP) were used as markers of later elaborative emotional processing. Emotional response style was assessed with parent and adolescent report on the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire. There were no effects of emotion or group for the P1. Typically-developing adolescents exhibited a larger N170 to emotional vs. neutral faces while adolescents with ADHD showed the opposite pattern. All adolescents exhibited a larger P3b to fearful versus other faces and a larger LPP to emotional vs. non-emotional faces. Within the ADHD group, N170 responses to happy faces predicted parent ratings of positive/approach emotions. Findings highlight the importance of considering within-group heterogeneity when studying clinical populations and help clarify the time-locked neurophysiological correlates of emotion dysregulation.

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The relationship between early and late event-related potentials and temperament in adolescents with and without ADHD

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is already evidence that individuals with ADHD may respond differently to emotional stimuli than typically-developing children. For example, by measuring reaction time on a visual-emotional oddball-paradigm, Raz & Dan (2015) determined that ADHD participants responded slower to happy faces than controls, and responded the fastest to angry faces. This suggests that there might be stronger responses to negative stimuli, which is also consistent with the results of Shusjakova et al (2018).…”

Section: Role Of Comorbid Emotion Dysregulation In Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD-Related Impairments in Error-Processing Predict Symptom Change

Schwartz¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder with heterogeneous symptom trajectories. Performance monitoring, which involves the ability to recognize errors and make behavioral adjustments, is one aspect of self-regulation that may contribute to symptom change. Early and late stages of error processing can be quantified via EEG-recorded event-related potentials. The final stage of performance monitoring, which involves making behavioral adjustments, is measured as post-error slowing. It is currently unclear whether impaired performance monitoring is associated with ADHD, specifically, or with comorbid symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Here, better performance monitoring is hypothesized to be associated with ADHD, independent of comorbid ODD symptoms, and to predict ADHD symptom improvement. Method: 122 children from an ongoing longitudinal study (Control= 60, ADHD= 62) completed behavioral ratings and semistructured clinical interviews to assess ADHD and comorbid ODD symptoms. At annual followup visits 5-8 years later, clinical assessment was repeated, and children completed a computerized emotional go/no-go with EEG recorded. Results: Controls had marginally larger ERN (p=.056, η 2 = .03) and larger Pe amplitudes than ADHD participants (F[1,118]=4.38, p=.04). Comorbid ODD did not explain these differences. Adolescents with ADHD also made less adaptive behavioral adjustments in emotional than in non-emotional conditions, F(2,198)=3.758, p=.025. Higher ERN amplitudes during positive conditions predicted greater ADHD symptom improvement, R 2 =.057, p=.016. Conclusions: Performance monitoring is associated with ADHD, independently of ODD. Emotional context does not affect error processing, but may interfere with adaptive behavioral adjustments for individuals with ADHD. Emotion dysregulation may also influence ADHD symptom trajectories.

show abstract

Exploring deficient emotion regulation in adult ADHD: electrophysiological evidence

Shushakova

Ohrmann

Pedersen

2017

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emotional dysregulation (ED) is being increasingly recognized as a core feature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the pathophysiological underpinnings remain unclear. In this study, we provide meaningful electrophysiological evidence of ED in adult patients with ADHD (n = 39) compared to healthy controls (n = 40) by exploring the electrophysiological correlates of the emotion regulation strategies reappraisal, distraction, and expressive suppression. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during passive viewing of neutral and negative images, as well as during emotion regulation. The patients with ADHD exhibited increased frontal late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes during passive viewing of the aversive images and during emotion regulation. Compared with the healthy controls, a subgroup of medication-naïve patients with ADHD (n = 25) also exhibited larger centroparietal LPP amplitudes and provided more negative ratings of the aversive and neutral images. Both the frontal and centroparietal LPP amplitudes were associated with ADHD symptom severity. However, no significant deficit in LPP modulation during emotion regulation was found. These findings strongly support the clinical observation of increased emotional responsivity toward negative stimuli and difficulty during the implementation of emotion regulation strategies and thus encourage the implementation of emotion regulation modules in the treatment of adult patients with ADHD.

show abstract

Altered event-related potentials in adults with ADHD during emotional faces processing

Cited by 30 publications

References 55 publications

The relationship between early and late event-related potentials and temperament in adolescents with and without ADHD

The relationship between early and late event-related potentials and temperament in adolescents with and without ADHD

ADHD-Related Impairments in Error-Processing Predict Symptom Change

Exploring deficient emotion regulation in adult ADHD: electrophysiological evidence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About