“…Furthermore, ErbB2/PDEF and CSF-1R/PDEF cells formed highly invasive structures in three-dimensional cultures. The ability of PDEF to induce invasive activity is consistent with previous reports that other Ets factors including Ets1, Ets2, and ESE-1 also promote invasion (1,7,10,(33)(34)(35). Because expression of ErbB2 or CSF-1R/ CSF-1 alone does not stimulate motility or invasion of MCF-10A cells, our findings suggest that PDEF can synergize with hyperstimulated RTKs, such as ErbB2 or CSF-1R/CSF-1, to promote these cellular processes.…”