Alterations of selected iron management parameters and activity in food-restricted female Wistar rats (animal anorexia models)

Wójciak, R.W.

doi:10.1007/s40519-013-0078-z

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The elevated hematocrit observed in adolescent ABA rats of both sexes, and adolescent male FC rats, is at odds with reports of reduced hematocrit levels in food restricted rats (Wojciak, 2014) and patients with severe AN [but see Symreng et al (1985), Sabel et al (2013)]. Instead, increased hematocrit is usually observed after excessive exercise in humans (Skarpańska-Stejnborn et al, 2015) but not rodents (Tian et al, 2012; Tang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Age- and Sex-Specific Plasticity in Dopamine Transporter Function Revealed by Food Restriction and Exercise in a Rat Activity-Based Anorexia Paradigm

Gilman

Owens

George

et al. 2019

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Eating disorders such as anorexia typically emerge during adolescence, are characterized by engagement in compulsive and detrimental behaviors, and are often comorbid with neuropsychiatric disorders and drug abuse. No effective treatments exist. Moreover, anorexia lacks adolescent animal models, contributing to a poor understanding of underlying age-specific neurophysiological disruptions. To evaluate the contribution of dopaminergic signaling to the emergence of anorexia-related behaviors during the vulnerable adolescent period, we applied an established adult activity-based anorexia (ABA) paradigm (food restriction plus unlimited exercise access for 4 to 5 days) to adult and adolescent rats of both sexes. At the end of the paradigm, measures of plasma volume, blood hormone levels, dopamine transporter (DAT) expression and function, acute cocaine-induced locomotion, and brain water weight were taken. Adolescents were dramatically more affected by the ABA paradigm than adults in all measures. In vivo chronoamperometry and cocaine locomotor responses revealed sex-specific changes in adolescent DAT function after ABA that were independent of DAT expression differences. Hematocrit, insulin, ghrelin, and corticosterone levels did not resemble shifts typically observed in patients with anorexia, though decreases in leptin levels aligned with human reports. These findings are the first to suggest that food restriction in conjunction with excessive exercise sex-dependently and age-specifically modulate DAT functional plasticity during adolescence. The adolescent vulnerability to this relatively short manipulation, combined with blood measures, evidence need for an optimized ageappropriate ABA paradigm with greater face and predictive validity for the study of the pathophysiology and treatment of anorexia. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Adolescent rats exhibit a distinctive, sex-specific plasticity in dopamine transporter function and cocaine response after food restriction and exercise access; this plasticity is both absent in adults and not attributable to changes in dopamine transporter expression levels. These novel findings may help explain sex differences in vulnerability to eating disorders and drug abuse during adolescence. P. France]. Funding sources had no role in the generation, analyses, interpretations, or writing of these results. Interim results from this project have been

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Age- and Sex-Specific Plasticity in Dopamine Transporter Function Revealed by Food Restriction and Exercise in a Rat Activity-Based Anorexia Paradigm

Gilman

Owens

George

et al. 2019

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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“…Wojciak et al examined the effect of five different feeding regimens on iron and hemoglobin levels in the blood of rats (Wojciak, 2014 ). They had one group that received 50% of the food intake of a control group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fourth group had 3 days ad libitum access alternating with 3 days of no access to food. The fifth group had 4 days ad libitum access to food and 4 days no access to food (Wojciak, 2014 ). They found that the longer the starvation the stronger the negative effect on blood concentrations of hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC, serum ferritin and iron levels in different organs (but even in rats with acute starvation a decrease in these parameters was observable) (Wojciak, 2014 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models for Anorexia Nervosa—A Systematic Review

Scharner

Stengel

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image which usually leads to low caloric intake and hyperactivity. The underlying mechanism and pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa is still poorly understood. In order to learn more about the underlying pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa and to find further possible treatment options, several animal models mimicking anorexia nervosa have been developed. The aim of this review is to systematically search different databases and provide an overview of existing animal models and to discuss the current knowledge gained from animal models of anorexia nervosa. For the systematic data search, the Pubmed—Medline database, Embase database, and Web of Science database were searched. After removal of duplicates and the systematic process of selection, 108 original research papers were included in this systematic review. One hundred and six studies were performed with rodents and 2 on monkeys. Eighteen different animal models for anorexia nervosa were used in these studies. Parameters assessed in many studies were body weight, food intake, physical activity, cessation of the estrous cycle in female animals, behavioral changes, metabolic and hormonal alterations. The most commonly used animal model (75 of the studies) is the activity-based anorexia model in which typically young rodents are exposed to time-reduced access to food (a certain number of hours a day) with unrestricted access to a running wheel. Of the genetic animal models, one that is of particular interest is the anx/anx mice model. Animal models have so far contributed many findings to the understanding of mechanisms of hunger and satiety, physical activity and cognition in an underweight state and other mechanisms relevant for anorexia nervosa in humans.

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“…During treatment with 20 mg/kg of As, dams showed decreases in body weight gain and food consumption. Maternal undernutrition may induce prenatal stress (Cox et al, 2011;Wojciak, 2014), which can result in impaired neurodevelopment. Indeed, rat models of maternal undernutrition have resulted in adult offspring with alterations in learning and memory, increased anxiety, and alterations in monoamine contents (Pallares et al, 2007;van den Hove et al, 2010;Zuena et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal sodium arsenite affects early development of serotonergic neurons in the fetal rat brain

Senuma

Mori

Ogawa

et al. 2014

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Prenatal arsenite exposure has been associated with developmental disorders in children, including reduced IQ and language abnormalities. Animal experiments have also shown that exposure to arsenite during development induced developmental neurotoxicity after birth. However, the evidence is not enough, and the mechanism is poorly understood, especially on the exposure during early brain development. This study assessed effects of sodium (meta) arsenite shortly after exposure on early developing fetal rat brains. Pregnant rats were administered 50 mg/L arsenite in their drinking water or 20 mg/kg arsenite orally using a gastric tube, on gestational days (GD) 9-15. Fetal brains were examined on GD16. Pregnant rats administered 20 mg/kg arsenite showed reductions in maternal body weight gain and food consumption during treatment, but not with 50 mg/L arsenite. Arsenite did not affect fetal development, as determined by body weight, mortality and brain size. Arsenite also did not induce excessive cell death or affect neural cell division in any region of the fetal neuroepithelium. Thyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry revealed no difference in the distribution of catecholaminergic neurons between fetuses of arsenite treated and control rats. However, reductions in the number of serotonin positive cells in the fetal median and dorsal raphe nuclei were observed following maternal treatment with 20mg/kg arsenite. Image analysis showed that the serotonin positive areas decreased in all fetal mid- and hind-brain areas without altering distribution patterns. Maternal stress induced by arsenite toxicity did not alter fetal development. These results suggest that arsenite-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity involves defects in the early development of the serotonin nervous system.

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Alterations of selected iron management parameters and activity in food-restricted female Wistar rats (animal anorexia models)

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Age- and Sex-Specific Plasticity in Dopamine Transporter Function Revealed by Food Restriction and Exercise in a Rat Activity-Based Anorexia Paradigm

Age- and Sex-Specific Plasticity in Dopamine Transporter Function Revealed by Food Restriction and Exercise in a Rat Activity-Based Anorexia Paradigm

Animal Models for Anorexia Nervosa—A Systematic Review

Prenatal sodium arsenite affects early development of serotonergic neurons in the fetal rat brain

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