Alterations of reproduction system in a polyploidized cassava interspecific hybrid

Nassar, Nagib M. A.; Graciano‐Ribeiro, Dalva; Gomes, Paula F.; Hashimoto, Danielle

doi:10.1111/j.1601-5223.2009.02150.x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It can also be a polygenic trait since it was manifested in polyploid type while it was absent in the diploid one. This is in agreement with the findings reported earlier (Nassar et al 2007, 2009, 2010).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Apomixis in different ploidy levels of cassava

2011

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Two polyploid hybrids between cassava (Manihot esculenta) cultivar 307-2 and its wild relatives M. glaziovii and M. anomala, were studied to examine the relationship between ploidy level and the production of seeds without fertilization. A clearing method was applied to assess ovule sizes as an indication of multiembryony. The diploid cultivar 307-2 had regular 18 bivalents at meiotic metaphase 1 while the polyploid types showed chromosome configurations varying from 3 to 4 quadrivalents and 28 to 30 bivalents. A total of 14% of studied ovules of the polyploid hybrid involving M. glaziovii were multiebryonic, while the percentage of multiembryony was as low as 2% in the polyploid hybrid M. anomala×M. esculenta. Diploid hybrid types did not show any multi embryony. Adventitious embryos were found and documented for the first time in polyploid hybrids M. esculenta×M. glaziovii. The association of multiple embryo formation with ovary size and pollination showed that apomictic embryos form independently from fertilization. Simple iodized carmine stain for measuring pollen viability proved as efficient as the sophisticated Alexander method.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Apomixis in different ploidy levels of cassava

2011

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“…It is mainly consumed by low-income people as a staple food source in Africa and the Americas, and includes 99 species (Nassar, 2002). Studies of the vegetative and reproductive anatomical characteristics of Manihot have been conducted in the last decade, and have focused on the stem (Graciano-Ribeiro et al, 2009;Nassar et al, 2008Nassar et al, , 2010a, root (Bomfim et al, 2011a,b), egg cell (Hashimoto-Freitas and Nassar, 2013), and leaves (França et al, 2010). However, knowledge of Manihot petiole anatomy is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative petiole anatomy of cassava (Manihot) species

2016

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ABSTRACT. In this study, we describe the petiole anatomy of six wild cassava (Manihot) species, one hybrid, and two cultivars of Manihot esculenta, in order to identify their dominant anatomical patterns and relate them to possible adaptations to abiotic factors in the Cerrado biome. The median parts of several petiole samples were transversally and longitudinally sectioned and stained. The results include data for the taxonomic classification of the genus, including distinctive anatomical characteristics of hybrid varieties of cassava and wild species, such as the presence/ absence of trichomes and a hypodermis, layer type and number in the cortex, number of vascular bundles, cell types in the pith, and type of organization. Morphological analysis revealed differences in length and shape of the petiole insertion. The presence of trichomes, a hypodermis, the amount and type of supporting tissue in the cortex, as well as gelatinous fibers, may be related to drought tolerance.

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“…Breeding aimed at accumulating apomixis additive genes in superior clones could be a relevant challenge for cassava breeders in the future. Nassar (2002Nassar ( , 2006 and Nassar et al (2008aNassar et al ( , 2010Nassar et al ( , 2011 explained the role of polyploidization and interspecific hybridizations in the speciation of this genus. Sterile hybrids adapted to certain environment may be perpetuated by apomixis, giving rise to new species.…”

Section: Increase In Apomictic Frequency By Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%