Alterations of Regional Homogeneity in Preschool Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Lan, Zhihong; Xu, Shoujun; Wu, Yi‐Long; Xia, Likun; Hua, Kelei; Li, Meng; Liu, Mengchen; Yin, Yi; Li, Chunlong; Huang, Shiming; Feng, Ying; Jiang, Guihua; Wang, Tianyue

doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.644543

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…From the perspective of the overall analysis of the whole-brain function of prepubertal ASD patients, unlike the research results about ASD in the infant stage ( Redcay and Courchesne, 2008 ), preschool stage ( Lan et al, 2021 ), and adolescent period ( Shukla et al, 2010 ), we did not find any regions that had increased brain activity. This is similar to brain development.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…The LG has been suggested to be involved in visual recognition and episodic memory consolidation ( Kukolja et al, 2016 ) and has been considered to play a role in the process of perceiving the surrounding environment ( Bischof and Bassetti, 2004 ). However, in a study of preschool ( Lan et al, 2021 ) and adolescent children ( Shukla et al, 2010 ) with ASD, decreased ReHo in the left LG was not found. Furthermore, the decrease in synchronization of neural activity in the left LG that we found had a negative correlation with the ADOS social affect score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…For example, by limiting the subjects to infants (2 to 3 years old), research by Redcay ( Redcay and Courchesne, 2008 ) showed that ASD participants had greater activation primarily within the right and medial frontal regions based on fMRI. In preschool boys with ASD between 3 and 6 years old, Lan ( Lan et al, 2021 ) found increased ReHo in the right calcarine as well as decreased ReHo in the opercular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left middle temporal gyrus, the left angular gyrus, and the right medial orbital frontal cortex. In a study by Shukla et al (2010) , ReHo was lower in the adolescent ASD between the ages of 10 and 18 than in the TD group in the superior parietal and anterior prefrontal regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Functional Alterations in Prepubertal Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Yue

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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ObjectivesAbnormal brain function in ASD patients changes dynamically across developmental stages. However, no one has studied the brain function of prepubertal children with ASD. Prepuberty is an important stage for children’s socialization. This study aimed to investigate alterations in local spontaneous brain activity in prepubertal boys with ASD.Materials and MethodsMeasures of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) acquired from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) database, including 34 boys with ASD and 49 typically developing (TD) boys aged 7 to 10 years, were used to detect regional brain activity. Pearson correlation analyses were conducted on the relationship between abnormal ALFF and ReHo values and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) scores.ResultsIn the ASD group, we found decreased ALFF in the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and decreased ReHo in the left lingual gyrus (LG), left superior temporal gyrus (STG), left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and right cuneus (p < 0.05, FDR correction). There were negative correlations between ReHo values in the left LG and left STG and the ADOS social affect score and a negative correlation between ReHo values in the left STG and the calibrated severity total ADOS score.ConclusionBrain regions with functional abnormalities, including the left IPL, left LG, left STG, left MOG, and right cuneus may be crucial in the neuropathology of prepubertal boys with ASD. Furthermore, ReHo abnormalities in the left LG and left STG were correlated with sociality. These results will supplement the study of neural mechanisms in ASD at different developmental stages, and be helpful in exploring the neural mechanisms of prepubertal boys with ASD.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Functional Alterations in Prepubertal Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Yue

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…The brain regions with abnormal spontaneous brain activity in previous studies of preschool boys with ASD ( Lan et al, 2021 ) were defined as the ROI, with a radius of 6 mm. These five brain regions were the right calcarine (9, −90, 3), right mOFC (6, 51, −9), left MTG (−42, −48, 9), left AG (−42, −57, 27), and left IFG operc (−39, 3, 21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study on preschool boys with ASD using regional homogeneity analysis, we found that the right medial orbital frontal cortex (mOFC, which explains the ASD’s repetitive stereotyped behavior), the opercular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG operc), the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG), and the left angular gyrus (AG, which can explain social language development defect) had abnormal spontaneous brain activity, as well as the right calcarine, a part of the primary visual cortex ( Lan et al, 2021 ). Repetitive and rigid behaviors and social language development disorders are undoubtedly the most obvious clinical symptoms in ASD, and the strengthening of visual ability also seems to be important in the early stage of ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Connectivity Underlying Symptoms in Preschool Boys With Autism: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Lan

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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BackgroundSingle-sex children have been regarded as one of the best subjects to understand the abnormal development patterns of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, the functional connectivity (FC) behind their symptoms is still unknown.MethodsBased on FC analysis, the acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data sets, including 86 boys with ASD and 54 normal controls (NC), were used to detect the neural synchronous activity between brain regions. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the abnormal FC value and clinical features.ResultsIndividuals with ASD showed enhanced FC between the right calcarine and the right lingual gyrus (LG). The right medial orbital frontal cortex also showed increased FC with bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) [two-tailed, voxel-level p < 0.001, gaussian random field (GRF) correction, cluster-level p < 0.05]. We did not find a correlation between the abnormal FC value and clinical scales.ConclusionOur study reveals a possible relationship between atypical visual attention and poor learning ability in subjects with ASD, and delayed social language development may be a secondary symptom to ASD.

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Regional homogeneity of adolescents with high‐functioning autism spectrum disorder and its association with symptom severity

et al. 2022

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Background and purpose Previous studies have revealed abnormal regional homogeneity (ReHo) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, there is little consistency across the findings within these studies, partly due to small sample size and great heterogeneity among participants between studies. Additionally, few studies have explored the association between ReHo aberrance and clinical symptoms in individuals with ASD. Methods Forty‐eight adolescents with high‐functioning ASD and 63 group‐matched typically developing (TD) controls received functional magnetic resonance imaging at rest. Group‐level analysis was performed to detect differences in ReHo between ASD and TD. Evaluation of symptom severity in individuals with ASD was based on the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC). Voxel‐wise correlation analysis was undergone to examine the correlations between the symptom severity and ReHo map in individuals with ASD within brain areas with ReHo abnormalities. Results Compared with the TD controls, individuals with ASD exhibited increased ReHo in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, left caudate, right posterior cerebellum (cerebellar tonsil), and bilateral brainstem and decreased ReHo in the left precentral gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, bilateral postcentral gyrus, and right anterior cerebellum (culmen). The correlation analysis indicated that the ReHo value in the brainstem was negatively associated with the ABC total scores and the scores of Relating factor, respectively. Conclusions Our findings indicated that widespread ReHo abnormalities occurred in ASD, shedding light on the underlying neurobiology of pathogenesis and symptomatology of ASD.

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Alterations of Regional Homogeneity in Preschool Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Brain Functional Alterations in Prepubertal Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Brain Functional Alterations in Prepubertal Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Functional Connectivity Underlying Symptoms in Preschool Boys With Autism: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Regional homogeneity of adolescents with high‐functioning autism spectrum disorder and its association with symptom severity

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