Alterations of neuroplasticity in depression: the hippocampus and beyond

Fuchs, Eberhard; Czéh, Boldizsár; Kole, Maarten H. P.; Michaelis, Thomas; Lucassen, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2004.09.002

Cited by 229 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

140

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…37 Finally, to clarify our findings associated to depressive illness, we should mention that COX-2 differential expression is almost limited to the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, which are the major areas involved in depressive disorders. [38][39][40][41] In conclusion, the model here presented resembled many of the features of the depressive disorder as previously described. The model also showed an upregulation of the COX-2 gene during the adult life of the animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Hippocampal upregulation of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene following neonatal clomipramine treatment (a model of depression)

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although a putative role has been attributed to inflammation in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders, the relationship of prostaglandins, known mediators of inflammation, and depression has not been elucidated. Clomipramine is an antidepressive drug with a pro-depressive paradoxical effect in adult rats when administrated neonatally. Using this effect as a model of depression, we investigated the differential expression of the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) gene in rat brains. Rats injected neonatally with clomipramine showed depressive-like symptoms in adulthood, as well as decreased levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and a quantitative differential expression of the COX-2 gene (Real Time PCR) and protein (immunohistochemistry) in the hippocampus. As evidenced, the relationship between a key enzyme in the prostaglandin synthesis and biological and behavioral depression-like changes opens an interesting line of investigation regarding the molecular bases of depression and its potential treatment through immunomodulatory drugs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Hippocampal upregulation of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene following neonatal clomipramine treatment (a model of depression)

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These clinical findings are taken to suggest that chronic stress may be associated with decreased hippocampal volume by mechanisms that are similar to those delineated in animal models of chronic stress and hippocampal atrophy (Bremner, 2001;MacQueen, 2004, 2006;Charney and Manji, 2004;Manji, 2000;McEwen, 2004;Sapolsky, 2000;Sheline, 1996). These mechanisms include a retraction and debranching of apical dendrites in CA3 pyramidal neurons, a decrease in the proliferation of new neurons in the dentate gyrus, a decrease in hippocampal cell body size, and a decrease in expressed dendrite spines (Fuchs et al, 2004;Fuchs and Flugge, 1998;McEwen, 1999;McEwen, 2001;Sapolsky, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the rat, tree shrew, and monkey, chronic stress decreases the length and branching complexity of apical dendrites in the CA3 subfield (Magariños and McEwen, 1995;Magariños et al, 1996;Sapolsky et al, 1990;Uno et al, 1994). Chronic stress also inhibits the proliferation and survival of new granule neurons in the dentate gyrus (Czeh et al, 2001;Fuchs et al, 2004). These cellular changes are mediated in part by the cumulative exposure of hippocampal sub-regions to a chronic-stress related increase in glucocorticoids and excitatory amino acids and a corresponding decrease in neurotrophic factors (Fuchs and Flugge, 1998;Lee et al, 2002;McEwen, 1999;Miller and O'Callaghan, 2005;Sapolsky, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective reports of chronic life stress predict decreased grey matter volume in the hippocampus

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic stress in non-human animals decreases the volume of the hippocampus, a brain region that supports learning and memory and that regulates neuroendocrine activity. In humans with stressrelated psychiatric syndromes characterized by impaired learning and memory and dysregulated neuroendocrine activity, surrogate and retrospective indicators of chronic stress are also associated with decreased hippocampal volume. However, it is unknown whether chronic stress is associated with decreased hippocampal volume in those without a clinical syndrome. We tested whether reports of life stress obtained prospectively over an approximate 20-year period predicted later hippocampal grey matter volume in 48 healthy postmenopausal women. Women completed the Perceived Stress Scale repeatedly from 1985 to 2004; in 2005 and 2006, their hippocampal grey matter volume was quantified by voxel-based morphometry. Higher Perceived Stress Scale scores from 1985 to 2004-an indicator of more chronic life stress-predicted decreased grey matter volume in the right orbitofrontal cortex and right hippocampus. These relationships persisted after accounting for age, total grey matter volume, time since menopause, use of hormone therapy, subclinical depressive symptoms, and other potentially confounding behavioral and age-related cerebrovascular risk factors. The relationship between chronic life stress and regional grey matter volume-particularly in the hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex-appears to span a continuum that extends to otherwise healthy individuals. Consistent with animal and human clinical evidence, we speculate that chronicstress-related variations in brain morphology are reciprocally and functionally related to adaptive and maladaptive changes in cognition, neuroendocrine activity, and psychiatric vulnerability.Keywords chronic life stress; hippocampus; orbitofrontal cortex; voxel-based morphometry Stressful experiences can be both constructive and destructive to the body and brain. In the short term, acute stressful experiences mobilize adaptive changes in physiology and behavior that help to meet the demands of environmental challenges and protect against threats to internal homeostasis Selye, 1956). Over the long term, however, chronic

show abstract

“…In accordance with this hypothesis, psychotropic drugs may act by correcting the neurotransmitter dysfunctions and, consequently, the volume reductions. [33][34][35] Longitudinal studies utilizing structural neuroimaging techniques comparing drug-naïve patients before and after psychotropic treatment have observed positive effects 33,34,36 or no brain structure modification 35 after psychotropic treatment, while functional neuroimaging studies have observed enhancements in neuroplasticity and in brain connectivity. [37][38][39][40] The findings reported herein should be interpreted in the context of a number of limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical morphology changes in women with borderline personality disorder: a multimodal approach

Araujo

Filho

Sato

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a devastating condition that causes intense disruption of patients' lives and relationships. Proper understanding of BPD neurobiology could help provide the basis for earlier and effective interventions. As neuroimaging studies of patients with BPD are still scarce, volumetric and geometric features of the cortical structure were assessed to ascertain whether structural cortical alterations are present in BPD patients. Methods: Twenty-five female outpatients with BPD underwent psychiatric evaluation (SCID-I and II) and a 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan. The control group comprised 25 healthy age-matched females. Images were processed with the FreeSurfer package, which allows analysis of cortical morphology with more detailed descriptions of volumetric and geometric features of cortical structure. Results: Compared with controls, BPD patients exhibited significant cortical abnormalities in the fronto-limbic and paralimbic regions of both hemispheres. Conclusion: Significant morphologic abnormalities were observed in patients with BPD on comparison with a healthy control group through a multimodal approach. This study highlights the involvement of regions associated with mood regulation, impulsivity, and social behavior in BPD patients and presents a new approach for further investigation through a method of structural analysis based on distinct and simultaneous volumetric and geometric parameters.

show abstract

Alterations of neuroplasticity in depression: the hippocampus and beyond

Cited by 229 publications

References 88 publications

Hippocampal upregulation of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene following neonatal clomipramine treatment (a model of depression)

Hippocampal upregulation of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene following neonatal clomipramine treatment (a model of depression)

Prospective reports of chronic life stress predict decreased grey matter volume in the hippocampus

Cortical morphology changes in women with borderline personality disorder: a multimodal approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About