Alterations of intestinal mucosa structure and barrier function following traumatic brain injury in rats

Hang, Chun-Hua; Shi, Jinjie; Li, Jieshou; Wu, Wei; Yin, Hui

doi:10.3748/wjg.v9.i12.2776

Cited by 155 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

133

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…By contrast, VIP and CGRP levels in plasma and in jejunum tissue show non-parallel fluctuations. Nevertheless, concentrations of all neurohormonal mediators peak at 72 h postinjury, which coincides with the maximal morphological alterations occurring in the gut following TBI [29] . High level of VIP, CCK and CGRP in plasma implies a large amount of release of these peptides into circulation from nerve ending due to systemic stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in plasma and jejunum of rats following traumatic brain injury and underlying significance in gastrointestinal dysfunction

Hang¹,

Shi²,

Li³

et al. 2004

WJG

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AIM:To study the alterations of brain-gut peptides following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to explore the underlying significance of these peptides in the complicated gastrointestinal dysfunction. METHODS:Rat models of focal traumatic brain injury were established by impact insult method, and divided into 6 groups (6 rats each group) including control group with sham operation and TBI groups at postinjury 3, 12, 24, 72 h, and d 7. Blood and proximal jejunum samples were taken at time point of each group and gross observations of gastrointestinal pathology were recorded simultaneously. The levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in plasma, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and cholecystokinin (CCK) in both plasma and jejunum were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to determine the levels of VIP in jejunum. RESULTS:Gastric distension, delayed gastric emptying and intestinal dilatation with a large amount of yellowish effusion and thin edematous wall were found in TBI rats through 12 h and 72 h, which peaked at postinjury 72 h. As compared with that of control group (247.8±29.5 ng/L), plasma VIP levels were significantly decreased at postinjury 3, 12 and 24 h (106.7±34

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in plasma and jejunum of rats following traumatic brain injury and underlying significance in gastrointestinal dysfunction

Hang¹,

Shi²,

Li³

et al. 2004

WJG

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, studies demonstrated that TBI induces a decrease in both intestinal contractility and transit and an increase in inflammation in the intestinal smooth muscle suggesting that motility is inhibited in the small intes- tine due to inflammatory damage secondary to the brain injury. Inflammation of the mucosal layer of the small intestine, leading to increased permeability, has been demonstrated suggesting inflammatory damage to the small intestine [13,34]. Hang et al have also shown histopathologic changes and increased permeability in gut as early as 2 h, peaking at 24 h following TBI [13].…”

Section: Tbi and Gi Problemsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…GI disturbances such as mucosal alterations and motility abnormalities can cause ulceration, inflammation, and increased gut permeability [9,13]. The majority of patients with temperate to severe TBI have upper GI intolerance in the first few weeks after injury [31,32].…”

Section: Tbi and Gi Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Traumatic Brain Injury and the Gastrointestinal Tract: The Role of Female Sexual Hormones

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important public health problem which can lead to several complications like gastrointestinal dysfunction. Patients with TBI often suffer from gastrointestinal dysfunctions such as enteral feeding intolerance. Gastric ulceration is induced by various forms of stress like surgery, ischemia and trauma. TBI causes a delayed but significant decrease in intestinal contractile activity in the ileum leading to delayed transport. The association between severity of brain injury and enteral feeding intolerance suggests a strong link between the central nervous system and the non-functional gut. The results of recent basic and clinical studies revealed the beneficial effects of estrogen and progesterone hormones in the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction. Females have more resistance to stress and fewer gastrointestinal lesions occur in females as compared to males. Sex steroid hormones have sparked interest as possible neuroprotective agents after traumatic injury and many studies have been done on this subject. This article reviews the literature related to some possible physiological effects of female sexual hormones on the gastrointestinal tract following TBI.

show abstract

“…Histopathological and ultrastructural examinations were performed as described previously (Hang et al, 2003). For light microscopy, segments of the ileum were excised immediately after the rats were sacrificed.…”

Section: Influence Of Lps Pretreatment On Pharmacokinetics Of Rhizomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Systemic Exposure to Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids in Lipopolysaccharide-Pretreated Rats Attributable to Enhanced Intestinal Absorption

Ma¹,

Yao²,

Zhong³

et al. 2011

Drug Metab Dispos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:Rhizoma coptidis is a rhizome commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. After oral administration of rhizoma coptidis extract, the plasma concentrations of its effective alkaloid constituents are so low that their systemic therapeutic actions cannot be explained. This study aimed to investigate the influence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the pharmacokinetics of the rhizoma coptidis alkaloids. Pharmacokinetic experiments were performed with rats; both in vitro absorption and efflux experiments were carried out with everted rat gut sacs, whereas in vitro metabolism experiments were conducted with rat liver microsomes and intestinal S9 fractions. Mucosal changes were evaluated with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that, in rat plasma, LPS pretreatment increased systemic alkaloid exposure. LPS pretreatment increased the in vitro absorption of the alkaloids and decreased their efflux. The efflux of vinblastine and rhodamine 123, P-glycoprotein substrates, also was decreased. The absorption of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (average molecular mass, 4 kDa), a gut paracellular permeability probe, was not influenced. Obvious damage was observed in the mucosa, but the tight junctions between epithelial cells remained intact. Intestinal, rather than hepatic, alkaloid metabolism was decreased. These findings indicated that LPS pretreatment increased systemic exposure to the alkaloids through enhancement of their absorption, which was related to decreased intestinal efflux and metabolism. The results add to the understanding of why rhizoma coptidis is active despite the low plasma concentrations of the rhizoma coptidis alkaloids measured in normal subjects and experimental animals.

show abstract

Alterations of intestinal mucosa structure and barrier function following traumatic brain injury in rats

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury can induce significant damages of gut structure and impairment of barrier function which occur rapidly as early as 3 hours following brain injury and lasts for more than 7 days with marked mucosal atrophy.

Cited by 155 publications

References 31 publications

Levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in plasma and jejunum of rats following traumatic brain injury and underlying significance in gastrointestinal dysfunction

Levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide, cholecystokinin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in plasma and jejunum of rats following traumatic brain injury and underlying significance in gastrointestinal dysfunction

Traumatic Brain Injury and the Gastrointestinal Tract: The Role of Female Sexual Hormones

Increased Systemic Exposure to Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids in Lipopolysaccharide-Pretreated Rats Attributable to Enhanced Intestinal Absorption

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About