Alterations of host-gut microbiome interactions in multiple sclerosis

A multiple sclerosis patient-oriented multiomics analysis tells us where to go next: Commentary for: “Alterations of host-gut microbiome interactions in multiple sclerosis”

“…Even with little scientific evidence, any information about the management of MS, like desirable diet for MS, would attract attention of patients, which has been often rejected or scorned. The new findings in the paper 8 clearly support the role of diet in the pathogenesis of MS, and have strong impact on biological research, clinical practice, and daily life. Although results of the past 16S rRNA analysis had some problems in reproducibility across countries or laboratories, the multi-omics data 8 has provided affirmation that the dysbiosis and altered gut microbiome in MS is a real phenomenon.…”

“…The new findings in the paper 8 clearly support the role of diet in the pathogenesis of MS, and have strong impact on biological research, clinical practice, and daily life. Although results of the past 16S rRNA analysis had some problems in reproducibility across countries or laboratories, the multi-omics data 8 has provided affirmation that the dysbiosis and altered gut microbiome in MS is a real phenomenon. In summary, this work opens a way to diet and microbiome data-assisted management of MS, useful for prevention of disease progression.…”

“…9 Consistently, a recent clinical study revealed that oral proprionic acid treatment in MS induces regulatory T cells and stabilize the clinical course of MS. 10 Given that diet and dietary components play a role in the immune system, increased efforts should be directed towards exploring similarity in the gut microbiome among family members sharing a diet. 8 Although the results are persuasive due to the power of advanced multi-omics analysis, this study 8 had several limitations, such as the patient cohort was relatively small and did not touch on the differences by disease subtypes of MS (relapsing remitting-MS, or progressive MS). Additional information regarding disease activity and clinical severity of MS patients would help to obtain deeper insights into the pathogenesis.…”

“…In this issue of EBioMedicine, Cantoni et al performed an elegant series of multiomics analysis, based on the data of gut microbiome, peripheral immune cells, serum metabolites, and dietary contents, which were obtained from 24 MS patients and 25 healthy subjects. 8 They revealed a significant correlation between the increase of total intake of meat, the increased abundance of peripheral T helper 17 (Th17) cells, and the corresponding gut microbial components and serum metabolites in patients with MS. The obtained results support a previously proposed axis, 7 starting from a reduced intake of dietary fiber to a reduction in SCFA production in the gut, which causes a reduced frequency of peripheral regulatory T cells and an enhancement in CNS inflammation.…”

Patients with Infections of The Central Nervous System Have Lowered Gut Microbiota Alpha Diversity

“…Disruptions in the microbiota–gut–brain axis and gut dysbiosis are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) [ 1 , 2 ], Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [ 3 ], and multiple sclerosis (MS) [ 4 , 5 ], and there is some evidence from clinical studies and experimental animal models that they could play some role in depression [ 6 ], autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [ 7 ], insomnia [ 8 ], and disturbance in the circadian rhythm [ 9 ]. The principal link between the gut bacterial community and its either protective or harmful effect on CNS function is ascribed to brain microglia playing both neuro- and immune functions [ 10 , 11 ].…”