Alterations of gut microbiota and serum bile acids are associated with parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease

Wang, Nan; Wang, Jiazheng; Zhang, Tian; Huang, Liufang; Yan, Wei; Lu, Lina; Jia, Jie; Tao, Yijing; Cai, Wei; Wang, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.06.035

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…More exclusive KOs were found in the small intestines ( Figure 4 D), but the abundance of 16 KEGG pathways at the third levels were significant differences between large intestines and small intestines; there was a similar trend between AI and SI. Secondary bile acid is one of the major types of bacterial metabolites in the colon [ 74 ], gut bacteria expressing bile salt hydrolase include species in the genera Bacteroides , Bifidobacterium , Lactobacillus , and Clostridium [ 75 ]. Sphigolipid, are produced by the phylum Bacteroidetes (genera Bacteroides , Parabacteroides , Prevotella , Porphyromonas , Flectobacillus ) and the Chlorobi (genera Chlorobium ) [ 76 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment-Dependent Variation in Gut Microbiota of an Oviparous Lizard (Calotes versicolor)

Lin

Yang

et al. 2021

Animals

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Vertebrates maintain complex symbiotic relationships with microbiota living within their gastrointestinal tracts which reflects the ecological and evolutionary relationship between hosts and their gut microbiota. However, this understanding is limited in lizards and the spatial heterogeneity and co-occurrence patterns of gut microbiota inside the gastrointestinal tracts of a host and variations of microbial community among samples remain poorly understood. To address this issue and provide a guide for gut microbiota sampling from lizards, we investigated the bacteria in three gut locations of the oriental garden lizard (Calotes versicolor) and the data were analyzed for bacterial composition by 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing. We found the relative abundance of the dominant phyla exhibited an increasing trend from the small intestine to the large intestine, and phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the three primary phyla in the gut microbiota of C. versicolor. There were a higher abundance of genus Bacteroides (Class: Bacteroidia), Coprobacillus and Eubacterium (Class: Erysipelotrichia), Parabacteroides (Family: Porphyromonadaceae) and Ruminococcus (Family: Lachnospiraceae), and Family Odoribacteraceae and Rikenellaceae in the sample from the hindgut. The secondary bile acid biosynthesis, glycosaminoglycan degradation, sphingolipid metabolism and lysosome were significantly higher in the hindgut than that in the small intestine. Taken together our results indicate variations of gut microbiota composition and metabolic pathway in different parts of the oriental garden lizard.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment-Dependent Variation in Gut Microbiota of an Oviparous Lizard (Calotes versicolor)

Lin

Yang

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Microbial dysbiosis, including reduced microbial diversity and richness, is associated with changes in secondary bile acids and IFALD [23]; however, no studies have shown causality between dysbiosis and IFALD progression. There is ongoing research in animal models of neonatal rats on parenteral nutrition investigating microbiome changes [24], thus altering the gut microbiome may be a therapeutic target in the future.…”

Section: Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease in the neonatal ICU: what we know and where we’re going

Khalaf

Ford

2022

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of reviewParenteral nutrition is an integral part of the care of infants in the neonatal ICU. However, prolonged use of parenteral nutrition can be associated with adverse outcomes, most notably parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, now known as intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). This review highlights pertinent developments in the epidemiology of IFALD as it pertains to neonates and showcases recent advances in the pathophysiology, treatment, and outcomes of neonates with IFALD. Recent findingsThe role of intravenous lipid emulsions in the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of IFALD remains a target for investigative studies. Recent data continues to support the use of fish-oil based intravenous lipids, but its use is limited due to concerns for essential fatty acid deficiency. Use of soy-based lipids and mixed lipids is not wrought with such concerns as these are often used at greater doses but their use is limited due to higher proinflammatory fatty acid content, increased phytosterols and decreased antioxidants, risk factors for the development of IFALD.

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“…Morin et al [ 17 ] also observed liver steatosis after 5 days of TPN in one-month-old guinea pigs. TPN feeding for 7 days to male one-month-old Sprague Dawley rats also led to the development of liver diseases [ 15 ]. Additionally, in humans, newborn infants (>1000 g) who received TPN for a longer period (>7 days) developed PNALD [ 14 ].…”

Section: In Vivo Impact Of Oxidized Tpn After Infusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxidant load collectively generated in human neonates from various sources could lead to liver diseases, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), gut atrophy, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy [ 13 , 14 ]. Moreover, several animal experiments have demonstrated that the exogenous oxidized molecules from TPN could cause hepatocellular damage, cholestasis, apoptosis, and pulmonary fibrosis [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenteral Nutrition and Oxidant Load in Neonates

2021

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Neonates with preterm, gastrointestinal dysfunction and very low birth weights are often intolerant to oral feeding. In such infants, the provision of nutrients via parenteral nutrition (PN) becomes necessary for short-term survival, as well as long-term health. However, the elemental nutrients in PN can be a major source of oxidants due to interactions between nutrients, imbalances of anti- and pro-oxidants, and environmental conditions. Moreover, neonates fed PN are at greater risk of oxidative stress, not only from dietary sources, but also because of immature antioxidant defences. Various interventions can lower the oxidant load in PN, including the supplementation of PN with antioxidant vitamins, glutathione, additional arginine and additional cysteine; reduced levels of pro-oxidant nutrients such as iron; protection from light and oxygen; and proper storage temperature. This narrative review of published data provides insight to oxidant molecules generated in PN, nutrient sources of oxidants, and measures to minimize oxidant levels.

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Alterations of gut microbiota and serum bile acids are associated with parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Environment-Dependent Variation in Gut Microbiota of an Oviparous Lizard (Calotes versicolor)

Environment-Dependent Variation in Gut Microbiota of an Oviparous Lizard (Calotes versicolor)

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease in the neonatal ICU: what we know and where we’re going

Parenteral Nutrition and Oxidant Load in Neonates

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