Alterations of Cellular Immunity and Antibody Responses after Severe Head Injury in Children

Wilson, Nevin W.; Bastian, John F.

doi:10.2500/108854191779011864

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Other investigators have also noted striking deficiencies in the cellular arm as part of the early response to serious brain injury. 26,29,30,36 Some have reported defective activation of the interleukin-2 receptor, anergy (delayed hypersensitivity type), and increased levels of tumor necrosis factoralpha and interleukin-1. 16,19,26 Apparently, the cellular arm of the immune system is particularly vulnerable to major trauma.…”

Section: Cellular Armmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early immunological defects in comatose patients after acute brain injury

Wolach¹,

Sazbon²,

Gavrieli³

et al. 2001

Journal of Neurosurgery

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Significant deficiencies of the immune system, particularly the cellular arm, are precipitated by severe brain injury within 72 hours of the event. These impairments probably play a role in the high rate of complicating infections and multiple organ failure. Together with earlier findings, the results of this study indicate that if brain-injured patients survive these hazards, their immune system will eventually recover.

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Section: Cellular Armmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early immunological defects in comatose patients after acute brain injury

Wolach¹,

Sazbon²,

Gavrieli³

et al. 2001

Journal of Neurosurgery

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“…One of the most commonly hydrophilic blocks in amphiphilic copolymers is PEG because it allows for the conjugation of diverse active drugs or biomolecules and forms a protective shell to prolong the life span of active compounds. [ 107 ] Despite the ongoing scientific discussion about side‐effects of PEG such as allergic reactions and anaphylactic shock, [ 108–112 ] PEG‐containing amphiphilic block copolymers are extensively used and have been reported for micelle‐ or polymersome‐based theranostic systems. [ 113 ]…”

Section: Polymers and Polymer Assemblies As Building Blocks For Thera...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Polymer‐Based Nanoassemblies for Stimuli‐Responsive Theranostic Applications

Muthwill

Kong

Dinu

et al. 2022

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Polymer assemblies on the nanoscale represent a powerful toolbox for the design of theranostic systems when combined with both therapeutic compounds and diagnostic reporting ones. Here, recent advances in the design of theranostic systems for various diseases, containing—in their architecture—either polymers or polymer assemblies as one of the building blocks are presented. This review encompasses the general principles of polymer self‐assembly, from the production of adequate copolymers up to supramolecular assemblies with theranostic functionality. Such polymer nanoassemblies can be further tailored through the incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles to endow them with multifunctional therapeutic and/or diagnostic features. Systems that change their architecture or properties in the presence of stimuli are selected, as responsivity to changes in the environment is a key factor for enhancing efficiency. Such theranostic systems are based on the intrinsic properties of copolymers or one of the other components. In addition, systems with a more complex architecture, such as multicompartments, are presented. Selected systems indicate the advantages of such theranostic approaches and provide a basis for further developments in the field.

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Alterations of Cellular Immunity and Antibody Responses after Severe Head Injury in Children

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Early immunological defects in comatose patients after acute brain injury

Early immunological defects in comatose patients after acute brain injury

Tailoring Polymer‐Based Nanoassemblies for Stimuli‐Responsive Theranostic Applications

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