Alterations in the circadian rhythm of salivary melatonin begin during middle‐age

Zhou, Jiang‐Ning; Liu, Rong‐Yu; Heerikhuize, Joop van; Hofman, Michel A.; Swaab, Dick F.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-079x.2003.01897.x

Cited by 97 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The awake times of the elderly began significantly earlier, which indicates that the plasma melatonin levels may be phase-delayed within the sleep of older subjects. Zhou et al, 34 showed that the acrophase of melatonin levels was similar in all age groups but they also found significantly higher offset levels in older subjects, indicating a delayed melatonin offset phase. They further show that these changes start to occur around the age of 40 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aging on 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure Measurements in Sitting and Supine Body Positions

Mansouri

Weinreb

Liu

2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE.To evaluate how aging alters 24-hour measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the sitting and supine body positions. METHODS. Fifteen older volunteers with healthy eyes (ages, 53-71 years) were each housed for 1 day in a sleep laboratory. An 8-hour accustomed sleep period was assigned to each subject. Every 2 hours, measurements of IOP were taken in the sitting and supine positions. Sitting and supine patterns of 24-hour IOP were compared. Simulated 24-hour IOP rhythms in the same body position were determined using cosine fitting of individual 24-hour data. The average postural IOP effects during the diurnal/wake period and the nocturnal/sleep period were compared. Data from this group of older subjects were compared with previously collected data from 16 healthy younger subjects (ages, 18 -25 years) under the same experimental conditions. RESULTS. Within each age group, sitting and supine patterns of 24-hour IOP were similar and parallel. Compared to the younger subjects, the phase timing (simulated peak) of 24-hour IOP was significantly delayed for the older subjects in both body positions. The postural IOP effect for the older subjects was 4.7 Ϯ 0.8 and 4.8 Ϯ 0.8 mm Hg during the diurnal and nocturnal periods, respectively. These postural IOP effects were not significantly different from the postural effects in the younger subjects. CONCLUSIONS. Although aging can significantly delay the phase timing of the 24-hour IOP pattern toward the diurnal/awake period, it may not affect the postural IOP effect during the diurnal and the nocturnal periods. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53:112-116) DOI:10.1167/iovs.11-8763 I ntraocular pressure (IOP) in the human eye is regulated by the rate of aqueous humor formation, the resistance of aqueous humor outflow, and the episcleral venous pressure. IOP varies throughout a 24-hour period due to changes in these physiologic parameters. In healthy younger and nonmyopic subjects, there is 24-hour variation of IOP with a peak value in most individuals occurring in the late nocturnal/sleep period in either sitting or supine body position, independent of posture.1,2 Postural IOP effects, the difference in IOP between the sitting and supine body positions, are not significantly different between the diurnal and nocturnal periods.1 However, an earlier study indicated that the 24-hour IOP variation in the aging population may be different from that in the younger subjects. 3Changes in 24-hour IOP measurements may occur because of age-related structural or functional changes, including alterations in hormonal and neural activities for the regulation of IOP. Circulating levels and timing of glucocorticoids and melatonin as well as the neuronal activities such as the baroreflex may affect the IOP pattern and its variation within a 24-hour period.4 -8 A reported age-related change is the postural IOP effect, 9,10 which is associated with the hydrostatic response in the episcleral venous pressure and the redistribution of body fluid including the choroidal vascular volume...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aging on 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure Measurements in Sitting and Supine Body Positions

Mansouri

Weinreb

Liu

2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Salivary melatonin was not found to decrease with age or gender in one large healthy control cohort (9), but other groups have reported that melatonin levels decreased with age in middle-aged subjects (51). In another study comparing young subjects with subjects over age 65, salivary melatonin was found to be decreased by 37 Ϯ 12.5% in men but was not significantly lowered in women (50).…”

Section: Controlsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Decreased melatonin secretion is associated with increased intestinal permeability and marker of endotoxemia in alcoholics

Swanson

Gorenz

Shaikh

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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. Decreased melatonin secretion is associated with increased intestinal permeability and marker of endotoxemia in alcoholics. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 308: G1004-G1011, 2015. First published April 23, 2015; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00002.2015.-Chronic heavy alcohol use is known to cause gut leakiness and alcoholic liver disease (ALD), but only 30% of heavy drinkers develop increased intestinal permeability and ALD. The hypothesis of this study was that disruption of circadian rhythms is a potential risk factor in actively drinking alcoholics for gut leakiness and endotoxemia. We studied 20 subjects with alcohol use disorder (AD) and 17 healthy controls (HC, 6 day workers, 11 night workers). Subjects wore a wrist actiwatch for 7 days and underwent a 24-h dim light phase assessment and urine collection for intestinal permeability. The AD group had significantly less total sleep time and increased fragmentation of sleep (P Ͻ 0.05). AD also had significantly lower plasma melatonin levels compared with the HC [mean area under the curve (AUC) 322.78 Ϯ 228.21 vs. 568.75 Ϯ 304.26 pg/ml, P ϭ 0.03]. In the AD group, AUC of melatonin was inversely correlated with small bowel and colonic intestinal permeability (lactulose-to-mannitol ratio, r ϭ Ϫ0.39, P ϭ 0.03; urinary sucralose, r ϭ Ϫ0.47, P ϭ 0.01). Cosinor analysis of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (marker of endotoxemia) and lipopolysaccharide every 4 h for 24 h in HC and AD subjects had a midline estimating statistic of rhythm of 5,026.15 Ϯ 409.56 vs. 6,818.02 Ϯ 628.78 ng/ml (P Ͻ 0.01) and 0.09 Ϯ 0.03 vs. 0.15 Ϯ 0.19 EU/ml (P Ͻ 0.05), respectively. We found plasma melatonin was significantly lower in the AD group, and lower melatonin levels correlated with increased intestinal permeability and a marker of endotoxemia. Our study suggests the suppression of melatonin in AD may promote gut leakiness and endotoxemia.alcohol; lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; lipopolysaccharide ALCOHOL IS CONSUMED BY ABOUT one-half of the U.S. population and is the most frequently abused drug in the world (31). However, the most serious complication of heavy drinking, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), remains only partially understood. The amount and duration of alcohol consumed appear to be the most important risk factors for the development of ALD. About 20 -30% of individuals who consume over 30 g/day for 10 years go on to develop cirrhosis (46). However, there does not appear to be a clearly linear dose effect above this threshold, since certain groups of extremely heavy drinkers (Ͼ120 g/day) developed cirrhosis at a low rate (18.5%) (5). Therefore, epidemiological studies have shown that alcohol is a necessary cofactor to cause clinically significant ALD and cirrhosis, but other additional cofactors are required.The most well-supported pathogenesis of ALD is that alcohol increases intestinal permeability, which increases gutderived endotoxin, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the blood. This increase in gut-derived endotoxin initiates endotoxin-mediated hepatocellular dam...

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“…The 12.00-05.00 time period includes the physiological peak of melatonin biosynthesis around 01.00-02.00 hours. (23). Artificial light at night can modify the diurnal melatonin production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Night work and breast cancer – results from the German GENICA study

Pesch¹,

Harth²,

Rabstein³

et al. 2009

Scand J Work Environ Health

117

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Alterations in the circadian rhythm of salivary melatonin begin during middle‐age

Cited by 97 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Aging on 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure Measurements in Sitting and Supine Body Positions

Effects of Aging on 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure Measurements in Sitting and Supine Body Positions

Decreased melatonin secretion is associated with increased intestinal permeability and marker of endotoxemia in alcoholics

Night work and breast cancer – results from the German GENICA study

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