Results: Patients with SCCHN had significantly lower absolute numbers of CD3؉ CD4؉, and CD8؉ T cells than normal controls. However, no differences in the percentages of T-cell subsets between patients and normal controls were observed. Patients with active disease had significantly lower CD3؉ and CD4؉ T-cell counts than those with NED. Patients who had NED after surgery and radiotherapy had the lowest T-cell counts among the NED cohort. Patients who had NED for >2 years did not recover their T-cell counts, and the T-cell imbalance was evident many years after curative surgery. The tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage or site of the disease was not related to the absolute T-cell count. Patients with recurrent disease at the time of blood draw tended to have the lowest CD4؉ T-cell counts.
Conclusions:Patients with SCCHN have altered lymphocyte homeostasis, which persists for months or years after curative therapies.