Alterations in Oral Microbiota in HIV Are Related to Decreased Pulmonary Function

Yang, Liheng; Dunlap, D.G.; Qin, Shulin; Fitch, Adam; Li, Kelvin; Koch, Carl; Nouraie, Mehdi; DeSensi, Rebecca; Ho, Ken; Martinson, Jeremy; Methé, Barbara A.; Morris, Alison

doi:10.1164/rccm.201905-1016oc

Cited by 50 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This study indicates that a high-biomass tongue microbiota is significantly associated with a higher prevalence of airflow limitation characterising COPD, which is a major burden on public health. This study also supports the importance of the oral–lung axis, which has recently garnered increased attention [ 4 , 31 , 32 ]. Maintenance of healthy tongue microbiota might be beneficial as a preventive approach for airflow limitation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Airflow limitation and tongue microbiota in community-dwelling elderly individuals

et al. 2021

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BackgroundNumerous oral indigenous microorganisms are constantly introduced into the stomach via the laryngopharynx, and a portion of these microorganisms irregularly reaches the lower airways and lungs. This study investigated the association between airflow limitation and the status of tongue microbiota, which is a primary source of ingested oral bacterial populations.MethodsThe study population consisted of 484 community-dwelling adults aged 70–80 years inhabiting Hisayama town, who underwent a regular health examination including dental examination and spirometry test in 2016. The bacterial density and composition of their tongue microbiota were determined using the 16S rRNA gene in our previous study to understand their relationship with oral health conditions [1]. The present cross-sectional study compared the tongue microbiota status between elderly individuals with airflow limitation and those with normal airflow.ResultsThe total bacterial density of the tongue microbiota of individuals with airflow limitation was significantly higher than that of individuals with normal airflow. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a high-biomass tongue microbiota was significantly associated with airflow limitation after adjustment for smoking intensity and other covariates (adjusted odds ratio=1.61, 95% confidence interval=1.01–2.60). Of the predominant commensals, higher amounts of Prevotella melaninogenica and Actinomyces odontolyticus were associated with a higher prevalence of airflow limitation.ConclusionThese results indicate that increased bacterial burden in the tongue microbiota is associated with a higher prevalence of airflow limitation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Airflow limitation and tongue microbiota in community-dwelling elderly individuals

et al. 2021

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“…Fourth, we did not include a control group of children without HIV infection. Relative to adults without HIV infection, adults with advanced HIV infection demonstrate decreased oral microbial α diversity 17,33 , and adults with well-controlled HIV infection demonstrate increases in relative abundance of Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus 34 . The degree to which these findings extend to HIV-uninfected children and adolescents living in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct lung microbiota associate with HIV-associated chronic lung disease in children

Bhadriraju

Fadrosh

Shenoy

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Chronic lung disease (CLD) is a common co-morbidity for HIV-positive children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa. In this population, distinct airway microbiota may differentially confer risk of CLD. In a cross-sectional study of 202 HIV-infected children aged 6–16 years in Harare, Zimbabwe, we determined the association of sputum microbiota composition (using 16S ribosomal RNA V4 gene region sequencing) with CLD defined using clinical, spirometric, or radiographic criteria. Forty-two percent of children were determined to have CLD according to our definition. Dirichlet multinomial mixtures identified four compositionally distinct sputum microbiota structures. Patients whose sputum microbiota was dominated by Haemophilus, Moraxella or Neisseria (HMN) were at 1.5 times higher risk of CLD than those with Streptococcus or Prevotella (SP)-dominated microbiota (RR = 1.48, p = 0.035). Cell-free products of HMN sputum microbiota induced features of epithelial disruption and inflammatory gene expression in vitro, indicating enhanced pathogenic potential of these CLD-associated microbiota. Thus, HIV-positive children harbor distinct sputum microbiota, with those dominated by Haemophilus, Moraxella or Neisseria associated with enhanced pathogenesis in vitro and clinical CLD.

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“… Iwai et al (2012) found that HIV-infected patients with recurrent pneumonia exhibit relatively increased abundances of several known or suspected pathogenic organisms (oral cavity, Bacteroides , Firmicutes , and TM7 phyla; airway, Proteobacteria ). Yang et al (2019) found that the oral microbiome may play an important role in HIV-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis, possibly by stimulating inflammation and promoting lung damage. Apart from COPD patients, immune maturation and allergy development (particularly asthma) also appear to be influenced by early changes in oral microbial composition ( Dzidic et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Oral–Nasal–Pharyngeal Microbiota and Salivary Proteins in Mouth-Breathing Children

Fan

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Mouth breathing induces a series of diseases, while the influence on microbiota of oral cavity and salivary proteins remains unknown. In this study, for the first time, profiles of oral–nasal–pharyngeal microbiota among mouth-breathing children (MB group, n = 10) were compared with paired nose-breathing children (NB group, n = 10) using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (V3–V4 region) high-throughput sequencing. The differentially expressed salivary proteins were revealed using label-free quantification (LFQ) method, and their associations with bacterial abundance were measured by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The overall bacterial profiles differed between the two groups, and the differences were related to the duration of mouth breathing. The diversity of oral–pharyngeal microbiota was significantly higher, and the nasal–pharyngeal species tended to be consistent (unweighted UniFrac, p = 0.38) in the MB group. Opportunistic pathogens were higher in relative abundance as follows: Acinetobacter in the anterior supragingival plaque, Neisseria in unstimulated saliva, Streptococcus pneumoniae in the pharynx, and Stenotrophomonas in the nostrils. The expression level of oxidative-stress-related salivary proteins (lactoylglutathione lyase and peroxiredoxin-5) were upregulated, while immune-related proteins (integrin alpha-M and proteasome subunit alpha type-1) were downregulated in MB group. The differentially expressed proteins were associated with specific bacteria, indicating their potentials as candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis, putatively early intervention, and therapeutic target of mouth breathing. This study showed that mouth breathing influences the oral–nasal–pharyngeal microbiota and enriches certain pathogens, accompanied with the alterations in the salivary environment. Further research on the pathological mechanisms and dynamic changes in longitudinal studies are warranted.

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Alterations in Oral Microbiota in HIV Are Related to Decreased Pulmonary Function

Cited by 50 publications

References 73 publications

Airflow limitation and tongue microbiota in community-dwelling elderly individuals

Airflow limitation and tongue microbiota in community-dwelling elderly individuals

Distinct lung microbiota associate with HIV-associated chronic lung disease in children

Alterations in Oral–Nasal–Pharyngeal Microbiota and Salivary Proteins in Mouth-Breathing Children

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