Alterations in nutrient digestibility and performance of heat-stressed dairy cows by dietary L-theanine supplementation

Yang, Lin; Zhang, Lingmei; Zhang, Peihua; Zhou, Yi; Huang, Xingguo; Yan, Qiongxian; Tan, Zhiliang; Tang, Shaoxun; Wan, Fachun

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2022.08.002

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The fecal samples were collected by a partial collection method every day before morning feeding for three consecutive days before the end of the four-week experiment. Four fresh fecal samples were collected from each pen and each sample was about 100 g. After removing the hair and gravel, the collected fecal samples were divided into two parts, with one part sprayed with 10% dilute sulfuric acid to fix nitrogen, dried to constant weight at 65 °C, crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve and air-dried to determine the crude protein level [ 16 ]. The other part was sterilized in the oven at 85 °C for two hours, dried at 65 °C to constant weight and then crushed through an 18-mesh sieve to determine the fiber content [ 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Yan

Zhu

Guo

et al. 2023

Animals

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Amino acid balance is central to improving the efficiency of feed protein utilization and for reducing environmental pollution caused by intensive farming. In previous studies, supplementation with limiting amino acids has been shown to be an effective means of improving animal nutrient utilization and performance. In this experiment, the effects of methionine on the apparent digestibility of nutrients, antler nutrient composition, rumen fluid amino acid composition, fecal volatile fatty acids and intestinal bacteria in antler-growing sika deer were investigated by randomly adding different levels of methionine to the diets of three groups of four deer at 0 g/day (CON), 4 g/day (LMet) and 6 g/day (HMet). Methionine supplementation significantly increased the apparent digestibility of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in the LMet group (p < 0.05). The crude protein and collagen protein of antlers were significantly higher in the LMet and HMet groups compared to the CON group and also significantly higher in the HMet group compared to the LMet group, while the calcium content of antlers was significantly lower in the HMet group (p < 0.05). Ruminal fluid free amino acid composition was altered in the three groups of sika deer, with significant changes in aspartic acid, citrulline, valine, cysteine, methionine, histidine and proline. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were highest in the rectal microflora. Unidentified bacterial abundance was significantly decreased in the HMet group compared to the CON group. Based on the results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and Adonis analysis, there was a significant difference in the composition of the intestinal flora between the CON and HMet groups (p < 0.05). At the genus level, compared with the CON group, the abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010 in the LMet group increased significantly (p < 0.05), the abundance of dgA-11_gut_group in the HMet group decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010, Saccharofermentans and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group increased significantly. Taken together, the results showed that methionine supplementation was beneficial in increasing the feed utilization efficiency and improving antler quality in sika deer, while affecting the composition of fecal bacteria.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Yan

Zhu

Guo

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…The samples were then divided into two parts and processed immediately. One part was dried at 65°C to constant weight, pulverized, and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to produce air-dried samples to detect crude protein and so on ( Yang L. et al, 2022 ), and the other was sterilized at 85°C for 2 h, dried at 65°C to constant weight, and sieved through an 18-mesh sieve for fiber determination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) extract residue as a feed additive on production, health status, and gastrointestinal bacteria in sika deer (Cervus nippon)

Wu,

Zhao,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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American ginseng residue is an industrial by-product of ginseng saponin extraction, including polysaccharides and amino acids; however, it is often discarded into the natural environment, representing a waste of resources as well as an environmental issue. In this study, we examined the effects of adding American ginseng residue to the basal diet of sika deer. Twelve antler-bearing male sika deer were assigned randomly to groups fed a diet supplemented with 0% (CON), 1% (LGR), and 3% (HGR) American ginseng residue, respectively, (n = 4 per group) for 5 weeks. Supplementation with 3% American ginseng residue significantly increased antler production and feed utilization efficiency in antler-bearing sika deer (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in serum biochemical indexes among the three groups, but serum immunoglobulin A and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly increased in the LGR and HGR groups (p < 0.05). Supplementation with American ginseng residue affected rumen fermentation in sika deer, significantly increasing the rumen contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and total volatile fatty acids, and decreasing rumen fluid pH (p < 0.05), but had no significant effect on microbial protein or ammoniacal nitrogen content. American ginseng residue also affected the rumen bacterial composition, with significant up-regulation of Bacteroidota abundance in the HGR group, significant increases in Fibrobacterota and Fibrobacter abundance in the LGR group, and a significant decrease in Oscillospiraceae_UCG-005. Supplementation with ginseng residue had no significant effect on volatile fatty acids in the feces of sika deer, but did affect the composition of fecal bacteria, with significant decreases in Desulfobacterota and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group in the HGR group, and a significant increase in Ruminococcus in the LGR group (p < 0.05). In addition, the abundance of Paeniclostridium in the feces decreased linearly with increasing concentration of ginseng residue, with a significant difference among the groups (p < 0.05). This study comprehensively evaluated the effects of American ginseng residue as a potential feed additive on the production performance and gastrointestinal bacterial community in antler-bearing sika deer. The results indicated that ginseng residue was a suitable feed additive for improving production performance and health in sika deer.

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“…The experimental conditions for constructing the HS model mice were the same as previously described [ 29 ], with some modifications. The experimental room ambient temperature (Td, °C) and relative humidity (RH, %) were measured three times each day at 07:00, 13:00, and 20:00.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elephantopus scaber L. Polysaccharides Alleviate Heat Stress-Induced Systemic Inflammation in Mice via Modulation of Characteristic Gut Microbiota and Metabolites

Wang,

Sun,

Deng

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Elephantopus scaber L. (ESL) is a Chinese herb that is used both as a food and medicine, often being added to soups in summer in south China to relieve heat stress (HS), but its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In this study, heat-stressed mice were gavaged with ESL polysaccharides (ESLP) at 0, 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg/d−1 (n = 5) for seven days. The gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), seven neurotransmitters in faeces, expression of intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin), and serum inflammatory cytokines were measured. The low dose of ESLP (ESLL) improved the adverse physiological conditions; significantly reduced the cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels (p < 0.05); upregulated the expression of Claudin-1; restored the gut microbiota composition including Achromobacter and Oscillospira, which were at similar levels to those in the normal control group; significantly increased beneficial SCFAs like butyric acid and 5-HT levels in the faeces of heat-stressed mice; and significantly decreased the valeric acid and glutamic acid level. The level of inflammatory markers significantly correlated with the above-mentioned indicators (p < 0.05). Thus, ESLL reduced the HS-induced systemic inflammation by optimizing gut microbiota (Achromobacter, Oscillospira) abundance, increasing gut beneficial SCFAs like butyric acid and 5-HT levels, and reducing gut valeric and glutamic acid levels.

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Alterations in nutrient digestibility and performance of heat-stressed dairy cows by dietary L-theanine supplementation

Cited by 13 publications

References 49 publications

Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Methionine Supplementation Affects Fecal Bacterial Community and Production Performance in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon)

Beneficial effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) extract residue as a feed additive on production, health status, and gastrointestinal bacteria in sika deer (Cervus nippon)

Elephantopus scaber L. Polysaccharides Alleviate Heat Stress-Induced Systemic Inflammation in Mice via Modulation of Characteristic Gut Microbiota and Metabolites

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