Alterations in Morphology and Aerobic Resistance of Rats Subjected to Different Physical Training Protocols

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the alterations in morphology and aerobic resistance of rats subjected to different physical training protocols. The study consisted of 55 rats of the "Wistar" breed, 100 days of age, over a period of 8 weeks. The animals were randomly distributed between four groups: control (CTLE); neuromuscular anaerobic (TAN); aerobic (TAE) and concurrent training (TCc). After four weeks, some of the animals were euthanized. The body mass index (BMI), Lee index (Lee), epididymal adipose tissue (TecAdp), body weight, and feed efficiency ratio (CoefAlim) were measured. The Anaerobic Threshold was determined by critical workload (7 %, 9 % and 11 % of body weight). TAE and TCc training caused alterations in Lee and BMI, at four and eight weeks respectively (LeeTAE=X:2.86±0.08; X:2.89±0.07 and LeeTCc=X:2.85±0.05; X:3.00±0.09). For the TecAdp, all groups presented a decrease, with the TCc value down after eight weeks (X:1.77±0.32). Finally, TAN training improved the CoefAlim (X:31.57±3.70) after the eight week period and the TCc presented the highest value for Lan (X:7.10±0.80).

Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Training on Different Ergometers in Rat Muscle and Heart Tissues

“…Physical training is essential for maintaining quality of life, promoting improvement in the skeletal and cardiac muscular system, which results in better cardiovascular capacity and improvement in the individual's functional capacity, in addition to avoiding the harmful effects of sedentarism. [1][2][3] However, the adaptations generated are dependent on the training modality used. 3,4 Training models can be grouped into aerobic and anaerobic training.…”

“…[1][2][3] However, the adaptations generated are dependent on the training modality used. 3,4 Training models can be grouped into aerobic and anaerobic training.…”

“…The second group includes exercises with high intensity and lower volume. 3,5,6 Anaerobic training presents greater stimulus for muscle hypertrophy, since it can promote synthesis of contractile elements, which consequently increases the contraction force. 3,5,6 Aerobic training presents greater stimulus for resistance to fatigue, with greater oxidative capacity, an increased number of mitochondria, and improved blood perfusion.…”

“…3,5,6 Anaerobic training presents greater stimulus for muscle hypertrophy, since it can promote synthesis of contractile elements, which consequently increases the contraction force. 3,5,6 Aerobic training presents greater stimulus for resistance to fatigue, with greater oxidative capacity, an increased number of mitochondria, and improved blood perfusion. 6,7 In cardiac muscle tissue, aerobic training is known to promote physiological hypertrophy and improve parameters such as ejection volume and reduced peripheral resistance.…”

Efeito protetor do treino aeróbico em ratos submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica e normolipídica mensurados pela análise do perfil lipídico e do processo inflamatório tecidual / Protective effect of aerobic training in rats submitted to hyperlipidic and normolipidic diets measured by the analysis of lipid profile and tissue inflammatory process

“…Por outro lado, a atividade aeróbica pode ser uma outra estratégia para reduzir o acúmulo de gordura, já que esta atividade física utiliza ácidos graxos livres como principal substrato energético, de modo a promover metabolismo de triglicerídeos provenientes dos adipócitos (JIMENÉZ-MALDONADO et al, 2019). Há redução nesta condição principalmente do tecido adiposo visceral, e da massa corporal (CASTOLDI et al, 2018). Além disso, o treino aeróbico promove aumento do HDL, responsável pela redução do colesterol total e nas paredes dos vasos sanguíneos (SCHADE et al, 2020).…”