Alterations in intestinal microbiota of elderly Irish subjects post-antibiotic therapy

O'Sullivan, Órla; Coakley, M.; Lakshminarayanan, Bhuvaneswari; Conde, Susana; Claesson, Marcus J.; Cusack, Siobhán; Fitzgerald, Anthony P.; O’Toole, Paul W.; Stanton, Catherine; Ross, R. Paul

doi:10.1093/jac/dks348

Cited by 68 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is well documented that the gut microbiota changes with age (59)(60)(61), and it appears that this may correlate with changes in health (60); however, there are fewer studies on how the airway microbiota changes with age (8) and whether these changes influence the ability of S. pneumoniae to establish colonization. We have shown that the microbial communities of the URT are significantly different with age under steady-state conditions, consistent with a previous report (62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization Disrupts the Microbial Community within the Upper Respiratory Tract of Aging Mice

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

f Nasopharyngeal colonization by the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae is a prerequisite for pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal diseases. Colonization is asymptomatic, involving dynamic and complex interplay between commensals, the host immune system, and environmental factors. The elderly are at an increased risk of developing pneumonia, which might be due to changes in the respiratory microbiota that would impact bacterial colonization and persistence within this niche. We hypothesized that the composition of the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiota changes with age and subsequently can contribute to sustained colonization and inefficient clearance of S. pneumoniae. To test this, we used a mouse model of pneumococcal colonization to compare the composition of the URT microbiota in young, middle-aged, and old mice in the naive state and during the course of colonization using nasal pharyngeal washes. Sequencing of variable region 3 (V3) of the 16S rRNA gene was used to identify changes occurring with age and throughout the course of S. pneumoniae colonization. We discovered that age affects the composition of the URT microbiota and that colonization with S. pneumoniae is more disruptive of preexisting communities in older mice. We have further shown that host-pathogen interactions following S. pneumoniae colonization can impact the populations of resident microbes, including Staphylococcus and Haemophilus. Together, our findings indicate alterations to the URT microbiota could be detrimental to the elderly, resulting in increased colonization of S. pneumoniae and decreased efficiency in its clearance.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization Disrupts the Microbial Community within the Upper Respiratory Tract of Aging Mice

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other studies yielded contradictory information about the frequency and diversity of E. faecium and other enterococcal species in the fecal microbiota (1,15). Shifts in the prevalence of Enterococcus populations might result from fluctuating changes in the environmental conditions over time as a result of changes in diet (10) or changes in health status or antibiotic treatment (1,5,(61)(62)(63)(64), all of which delineate particular selective landscapes in hospitals (58,61). Aging interacts with these conditions, and agedependent enterococcal colonization dynamics have also been demonstrated for chickens and calves (1,65), probably as an interaction with antibiotic consumption (1,66,67).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Biology of Intestinal Enterococcus Isolates from Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized Individuals in Different Age Groups

Tedim

Ruíz-Garbajosa

Corander

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

fThe diversity of enterococcal populations from fecal samples from hospitalized (n ‫؍‬ 133) and nonhospitalized individuals (n ‫؍‬ 173) of different age groups (group I, ages 0 to 19 years; group II, ages 20 to 59 years; group III, ages >60 years) was analyzed. Enterococci were recovered at similar rates from hospitalized and nonhospitalized persons (77.44% to 79.77%) of all age groups (75.0% to 82.61%). Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were predominant, although seven other Enterococcus species were identified. E. faecalis and E. faecium (including ampicillin-resistant E. faecium) colonization rates in nonhospitalized persons were age independent. For inpatients, E. faecalis colonization rates were age independent, but E. faecium colonization rates (particularly the rates of ampicillin-resistant E. faecium colonization) significantly increased with age. The population structure of E. faecium and E. faecalis was determined by superimposing goeBURST and Bayesian analysis of the population structure (BAPS). Most E. faecium sequence types (STs; 150 isolates belonging to 75 STs) were linked to BAPS groups 1 (22.0%), 2 (31.3%), and 3 (36.7%). A positive association between hospital isolates and BAPS subgroups 2.1a and 3.3a (which included major ampicillin-resistant E. faecium human lineages) and between community-based ampicillin-resistant E. faecium isolates and BAPS subgroups 1.2 and 3.3b was found. Most E. faecalis isolates (130 isolates belonging to 58 STs) were grouped into 3 BAPS groups, BAPS groups 1 (36.9%), 2 (40.0%), and 3 (23.1%), with each one comprising widespread lineages. No positive associations with age or hospitalization were established. The diversity and dynamics of enterococcal populations in the fecal microbiota of healthy humans are largely unexplored, with the available knowledge being fragmented and contradictory. The study offers a novel and comprehensive analysis of enterococcal population landscapes and suggests that E. faecium populations from hospitalized patients and from community-based individuals differ, with a predominance of certain clonal lineages, often in association with elderly individuals, occurring in the hospital setting. Enterococci are relatively minor constituents of the human gastrointestinal microbiota (less than 1%) but are able to cause a wide diversity of infections, mostly in patients with underlying diseases (1, 2). High-density colonization by antibiotic-resistant enterococci increases the risk of bacteremia and transmission; however, the population structure and ecological and evolutionary forces influencing the population dynamics of gut colonizers largely remain unknown (3-5). Next-generation sequencing has provided a wealth of data about the influence of characteristics of the host (age, diet, health status, and antibiotic treatment) on the diversity and population frequency of different bacterial groups, including enterococci (6-10). However, the information provided by current metagenomic analysis, based on 16S rRNA (11, 12), or by the traditi...

show abstract

“…19,31,84 The reduced microbial diversity, low levels of butyrate producing bacteria, decreased levels and imbalanced proportions of SCFA, the incidence of CDI, and higher levels of lactate, methane and branched chain fatty acids (valeric, isovaleric, isobutyric, and caproic acids) are generally considered as relevant targets for intervention. 19,24,30,37,[85][86][87][88] As mentioned previously, changes in the intestinal microbiota composition and functionality in the elderly are usually accompanied by alterations in the physiology and function of the digestive tract, and by nutritional deficiencies related with lower intakes of specific nutrients that are important for maintaining the immune and gastrointestinal functions. 89 Additionally, the actual nutritional needs of the older population can differ from those of the middle-age.…”

Section: Nutritional Strategies For Restoring a Balanced Composition mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gut microbiota is the assembly of microorganisms living in our intestine and their genomes are known as the microbiome. The correct composition and functionality of this microbiome is essential for maintaining a "healthy status." Aging is related to changes in the gut microbiota which are frequently associated with physiological modifications of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as, to changes in dietary patterns, together with a concomitant decline in cognitive and immune function, all together contributing to frailty. Therefore, nutritional strategies directed at restoring the microbiota in the elderly have to be addressed from a global perspective, considering not only the microbiota but also other extra-intestinal targets of action. The present review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on intestinal microbiota alterations and other functions impaired in the elderly and to analyze tools for implementing nutritional strategies, through the use of probiotics, prebiotics or specific nutrients in order to counterbalance such alterations.

show abstract

Alterations in intestinal microbiota of elderly Irish subjects post-antibiotic therapy

Abstract: The impact of antibiotic therapy on the intestinal microbiota in the elderly should be considered for long-term health effects, and differential susceptibility may require the development of products (e.g. prebiotics and probiotics) for at-risk subjects.

Cited by 68 publications

References 46 publications

Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization Disrupts the Microbial Community within the Upper Respiratory Tract of Aging Mice

Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization Disrupts the Microbial Community within the Upper Respiratory Tract of Aging Mice

Population Biology of Intestinal Enterococcus Isolates from Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized Individuals in Different Age Groups

Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About