Alterations in histone acetylation following exposure to 60Co γ-rays and their relationship with chromosome damage in human lymphoblastoid cells

Abstract

Chromosome damage is related to DNA damage and erroneous repair. It can cause cell dysfunction and ultimately induce carcinogenesis. Histone acetylation is crucial for regulating chromatin structure and DNA damage repair. Ionizing radiation (IR) can alter histone acetylation. However, variations in histone acetylation in response to IR exposure and the relationship between histone acetylation and IR-induced chromosome damage remains unclear. Hence, this study investigated the variation in the total acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in human lymphocytes exposed to 0-2 Gy Co γ-rays. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, was added to modify the histone acetylation state of irradiated cells. Then, the total acetylation level, enzyme activity, dicentric plus centric rings (dic + r) frequencies, and micronucleus (MN) frequencies of the treated cells were analyzed. Results indicated that the acetylation levels of H3 and H4 significantly decreased at 1 and 24 h, respectively, after radiation exposure. The acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in irradiated groups treated with SAHA were significantly higher than those in irradiated groups that were not treated with SAHA. SAHA treatment inhibited HDAC activity in cells exposed to 0-1 GyCo γ-rays. SAHA treatment significantly decreased dic + r/cell and MN/cell in cells exposed to 0.5 or 1.0 Gy Co γ-raysrelative to that in cells that did not receive SAHA treatment. In conclusion, histone acetylation is significantly affected by IR and is involved in chromosome damage induced by Co γ-radiation.

Mobile telephony radiation exerts genotoxic action and significantly enhances the effects of gamma radiation in human cell

“…In previous studies of my group, exposure of fruit flies to 2G (GSM) mobile phone EMFs induced extensive DNA damage in the gametes leading to cell death and reproductive decline (Panagopoulos et al 2007Chavdoula et al 2010;Panagopoulos 2012). Since DNA damage is converted into chromosomal damage during the early M phase of the cell division cycle (Terzoudi and Pantelias 2006;Pantelias and Terzoudi 2010;Terzoudi et al 2011;Tian et al 2018), the recorded chromosomal damage induced by the UMTS (3G/4G) MT/WC EMF and/or caffeine and/or gamma radiation, is evidently due to DNA damage caused by these stressors.…”

Histone deacetylase‑2: A potential regulator and therapeutic target in liver disease (Review)

“…Studies have shown that relative levels of histone acetylation and deacetylation are of significance for the regulation of pathophysiological processes, including proliferation, cell-cycle progression, differentiation, immune evasion, inflammatory lesion, apoptosis and death (143)(144)(145). Pharmacological inhibition of HdAc activity or expression alters chromatin acetylation levels, subsequently confusing boundaries between transcriptionally active and quiescent chromatin (146)(147)(148).…”

Comparing chromosome damage induced by mobile telephony radiation and a high caffeine dose: Effect of combination and exposure duration

“…(Panagopoulos et al 2007Chavdoula et al 2010;Panagopoulos 2012). Since DNA damage is converted into chromosomal damage during the early M phase of the cell division cycle (Terzoudi and Pantelias 2006;Pantelias and Terzoudi 2010;Terzoudi et al 2011;Tian et al 2018), the recorded chromosomal damage induced by the UMTS (3G) MT EMF and/or caffeine is apparently due to DNA damage caused by these stressors. The DNA damage recorded in our previous studies was induced only by a few min daily exposures for a few days for radiation intensities down to 1 μW/cm 2 .…”