Alterations in beta-islets of Langerhans in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by marine Spirulina platensis

Pandurangan, Muthuraman; Senthilkumar, R.; Srikumar, Kotteazeth

doi:10.3109/14756360902827240

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The skin, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects of V. amygdalina leaf extract have been demonstrated in our other studies (Lisheng et al, 1991;Muthuraman et al, 2009;Nakaya et al, 1988;Pang et al, 1988;Pinero Estrada et al, 2001;Shih et al, 2003;Suda et al, 1986;Bhatt et al, 2009). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

The Body Calming and Body Vitalizing Effects of Vernonia Amygdalina Leaf Extract and Leaf Powder and their Mechanisms

Anastasia¹

2011

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: Vernonia amygdalina (V. amygdalina) leaf soup is regarded by the indigenous Igbo people of South Eastern Nigeria as their best leafy vegetable soup. Despite the bitterness of the bitter leaf soup, the native eaters of the soup feel very content when they eat pounded carbohydrate foods with it. Oral V. amygdalina leaf extract was taken methodically in this study to examine the generalized effect of oral V. amygdalina leaf intake on the human body. Approach: Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract and leaf powder produced a generalized calming effect on the whole body of the extract-treated human subject. The relaxation effect of leaf extract of V. amygdalina on the skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles of the subject made the whole body of the subject to function at close to basal metabolic rate, in an efficient, calm and alert manner. Results: V. amygdalina leaf extract produced its calming effects on the body by its action as an inhibitory first messenger that inhibited x 2 -adrenoceptors of the whole body of the subject by occupation of β 3 -adreceptors on membranes the body's cells. Such inhibitory action on α 2-adrenoceptors of the body (especially of adipose tissues; smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscles and of tissues of the body involved with control of excess blood sugar) caused the inhibition of the accumulation of cyclic AMP and resulted in a generalized calming effect on the body. V. amygdalina extract acted inhibited α 2 -adrenoceptors of the body by acting as an inhibitory G-protein on β 3 adrenoceptores of the cells of the whole body. Conclusion: This study concludes that the mechanism by which V. amygdalina leaf active principles exert a calming effect on the whole human body is by acting as an inhibitory first messenger that sits on the membrane receptors of body tissues to activate an inhibitory G-protein adenylyl cyclase messenger which causes an inhibition of the accumulation of cyclic AMP at the sites where cyclic AMP accumulation would have resulted in excitatory action. By this inhibitory action V. amygdalina antagonized explosive energy utilization in the various tissues of the body thereby causing a generalized calming of the body.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

The Body Calming and Body Vitalizing Effects of Vernonia Amygdalina Leaf Extract and Leaf Powder and their Mechanisms

Anastasia¹

2011

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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“…The United Nations World Food Conference declared spirulina as "the best for tomorrow" and it is gaining popularity in recent years as a food supplement (Kapoor and Mehta, 1993). The spirulina ability as a potent anti-viral (Gustafson et al, 1989;Hayashi et al, 1993;Patterson et al, 1993;Hayashi et al, 1996;Shih et al, 2003), anti-cancer (Suda et al, 1986;Pang et al, 1988;Schwartz et al, 1988;Lisheng et al, 1991;Mathew et al, 1995;Ismail et al, 2009), hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic (Devi and Venkataraman, 1983;Becker et al, 1986;Nakaya et al, 1988;Iwate et al, 1990;Nagaoka et al, 2005;Colla et al, 2008), antidiabetic (Parikh et al, 2001;Muthuraman et al, 2009) and health improvement (Annapurna et al, 1991) agent is gaining attention as a nutraceutical and a source of potential pharmaceutical. Despite considerable progress in medical therapy, there is no satisfactory drug to treat kidney stones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antilithiatic Influence of Spirulina on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Nephrolithiasis in Male Rats

Al-Attar¹

2010

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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Problem statement: Nephrolithiasis or renal stone disease remains a significant health problem in the adult population. Nephrolithiasis is a recurrent disorder prominent in males. It is significant medical and surgical problem because of incidence, recurrence and severe consequences. The present day medical management of nephrolithiasis is either costly or not without side effects. Invasive procedures for the treatment of nephrolithiasis may cause serious complications and they also impose a great load of costs to the healthcare system. Hence the search for antilithiatic drugs from natural sources has assumed greater importance. Approach: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antilithiatic activity of spirulina supplementation on ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis in male rats. Healthy male Wistar rats were used in the present study and were divided randomly into 4 groups. Rats of 1st group were served as normal control. Rats of 2nd group were received 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water for three weeks and drinking tap water for the next three weeks. Rats of 3rd group were received 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water for three weeks and fed with spirulina solution (20 mg kg −1 body weight) for the next three weeks. Animals of 4th group were treated as 1st group for the first three weeks and fed with spirulina solution ate the same dose given to 3rd group for the last three weeks. After six weeks, serum levels of sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, creatinine, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured. Results: Statistically increases in the levels of sodium, chloride, BUN and ALT and a decrease in the level of calcium were noted in rats treated with ethylene glycol. Supplementation of spirulina for the last three weeks mostly recovered the rats from nephrolithiasis and completely from hepatotoxicity induced by ethylene glycol. Conclusion:This study suggested that spirulina is a safety and promising agent as a functional food for the management of nephrolithiasis induced by ethylene glycol and may be also by other chemical factors.

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“…Dietary and mobilized glucose being utilized by cellular glycolysis, hexokinase acted as a first step in the metabolic sequence as a phosphorylating enzyme. Hence, the rate of glycolysis (glucose utilization) mainly depended upon the level of hexokinase activity in a cell (22). We therefore focused on this enzyme activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of phytohormones on tissue hexokinase and on some blood components in wistar rats.

Pandurangan¹,

Ravikumar²,

Vikramathithan³

et al. 2010

Int j Drug delivery

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Background: Dietary phytohormones may influence the metabolic processes in animal cells. To determine the effect of the plant growth regulators 28-homobrassinolide, gibberellic acid and kinetin on the tissue hexokinase and some blood components in male rats. Methods: 50µg 28-bomobrassinolide, gibberellic acid and kinetin (Normal saline served as control) was injected intradermally. Hexokinase activity in several tissues and blood level of glucose, hemoglobin and cholesterol were determined 2 h after injection. Findings: 28-homobrassinolide increased hexokinase activity in all tissues studied, and reduced blood glucose level but increased hemoglobin and cholesterol level. Gibberellic acid increased hexokinase activity in liver, but decreased it in other tissues and increased significantly blood cholesterol and slightly glucose and hemoglobin levels. Kinetin decreased hexokinase activity significantly in liver and kidney, but not significantly in other tissues, and reduced slightly glucose and hemoglobin levels and reduced significantly serum cholesterol level. Conclusion: This study indicated that treatment of rat with 28-homobrassinolide significantly increased hexokinase activity in liver, heart and kidney whereas gibberellic acid increased hexokinase activity only in the liver, and Kinetin decreased hexokinase activity in most tissues. Decreased hexokinase activity was observed due to kinetin and gibberellic acid treatment, except for gibberellic acid in the liver tissue, and was indicative of the fact that kinetin and gibberellic acid acted as negative modulators of this enzyme in the rat tissues. Thus, three different phytohormones possessed different degrees of effect in the animal cells.

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Alterations in beta-islets of Langerhans in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by marine Spirulina platensis

Cited by 33 publications

References 8 publications

The Body Calming and Body Vitalizing Effects of <i>Vernonia Amygdalina</i> Leaf Extract and Leaf Powder and their Mechanisms

The Body Calming and Body Vitalizing Effects of <i>Vernonia Amygdalina</i> Leaf Extract and Leaf Powder and their Mechanisms

Antilithiatic Influence of Spirulina on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Nephrolithiasis in Male Rats

Effect of phytohormones on tissue hexokinase and on some blood components in wistar rats.

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