Alteration of Physiological Processes in Wheat Flag Leaves Caused by Stem Rust and Leaf Rust

McGrath, M. T.; Pennypacker, S. P.

doi:10.1094/phyto-80-677

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies reported a reduction in chlorophyll content in wheat associated with the presence of wheat yellow rust [56]. In our study we note a widespread decrease in LCC of flag leaves at the post-anthesis stage, but this decrease was not correlated with GYLI or GY.…”

Section: Performance Of Lcc G S and Ctdcontrasting

confidence: 49%

Grain yield losses in yellow-rusted durum wheat estimated using digital and conventional parameters under field conditions

et al. 2015

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The biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is the causal agent of the yellow rust in wheat. Between the years 2010-2013 a new strain of this pathogen (Warrior/Ambition), against which the present cultivated wheat varieties have no resistance, appeared and spread rapidly. It threatens cereal production in most of Europe. The search for sources of resistance to this strain is proposed as the most efficient and safe solution to ensure high grain production. This will be helped by the development of high performance and low cost techniques for field phenotyping. In this study we analyzed vegetation indices in the Red, Green, Blue (RGB) images of crop canopies under field conditions. We evaluated their accuracy in predicting grain yield and assessing disease severity in comparison to other field measurements including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and canopy temperature. We also discuss yield components and agronomic parameters in relation to grain yield and disease severity.RGB-based indices proved to be accurate predictors of grain yield and grain yield losses associated with yellow rust (R 2 = 0.581 and R 2 = 0.536, respectively), far surpassing the predictive ability of NDVI (R 2 = 0.118 and R 2 = 0.128, respectively). In comparison to potential yield, we found the presence of disease to be correlated with reductions in the number of grains per spike, grains per square meter, kernel weight and harvest index. Grain yield losses in the presence of yellow rust were also greater in later heading varieties. The combination of RGB-based indices and days to heading together explained 70.9% of the variability in grain yield and 62.7% of the yield losses.(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Keywords:Wheat yellow rust Field phenotyping NDVI Phenology, Puccinia striiformis RGB-based indices Triticum durumT H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 2 0 0 -2 1 0

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Section: Performance Of Lcc G S and Ctdcontrasting

confidence: 49%

Grain yield losses in yellow-rusted durum wheat estimated using digital and conventional parameters under field conditions

et al. 2015

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“…In that sense Robert et al (2005) concluded for wheat that leaf rust has no global effect on the P n of the symptomless parts of the leaves. Moreover, as a response to yellow rust and other fungal diseases, a set of physiological processes are triggered as a defense reaction using assimilates that otherwise would go to growth and seed production (McGrath and Pennypacker, 1990;Scholes et al, 1994;Herrera-Foessel et al, 2006). This may also affect P n through an indirect mechanism.…”

Section: Effect Of Yellow Rust On Grain Yield and Photosynthetic And mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McGrath and Pennypacker (1990) reported that in response to stem rust and leaf rust, P n and g s decreased in wheat flag leaves, but internal CO 2 concentration increased. However the reduction in g s associated with leaf rust infection in wheat is probably a consequence of the negative effect of the pathogen on the photosynthesis machinery, which leads to an increase in internal CO 2 concentration, causing a subsequent decrease in g s (Carretero et al, 2011).…”

Section: Effect Of Yellow Rust On Grain Yield and Photosynthetic And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost assessment of wheat resistance to yellow rust through conventional RGB images

Zhou

Elazab

Bort

et al. 2015

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

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“…The molecular mass markers allowed the estimation of the molecular masses of these bands. The uppermost green band (160 kDa) was thought to correspond to the core complex of photosystem I (33), the second green band (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) probably corresponded to the lightharvesting chlorophyll alb protein (33), and the lowest green band contained the free chlorophylls and carotenoids.…”

Section: -Pga Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar conclusions were drawn in a more recent study (3): the decline in the rate of photosynthesis was due to a decline in chlorophyll content and some other factors in susceptible plants, but in moderately resistant plants, chlorophyll degradation alone could account for the decreased photosynthetic activity. Neither the slightly decreased stomatal conductance nor decreased transpiration could account for the loss of photosynthetic activity of the remaining chlorophyll (22), and the intercellular C02 concentration was increased in infected leaves (23). The decreased performance of the chlorophyll could be explained by a decreased Hill activity of isolated chloroplasts from infected wheat leaves, and fluorescence measurements hinted at the water-splitting side of photosystem I1 as the primary target of infection-induced damage to the photosynthetic electron transport chain (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthesis in stem rust-infected, resistant and susceptible near-isogenic wheat leaves

Moerschbacher¹,

Vander²,

Springer³

et al. 1994

Can. J. Bot.

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MOERSCHBACHER, B.M., VANDER, P., SPRINGER, C., NOLL, U., and SCHMITTMANN, G. 1994. Photosynthesis in stem rustinfected, resistant and susceptible near-isogenic wheat leaves. Can. J. Bot. 72: 990-997. Secondary leaves of three near-isogenic lines of the wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar Prelude, differing in their degree of resistance to the wheat stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) race 32, were inoculated with uredospores of the fungus 12 days after germination. Photosynthetic 0, evolution, chlorophyll content, 3-phosphoglycerate content, and the gel electrophoretic pattern of thylakoid membrane proteins were investigated in rust-infected and healthy plants of the fully susceptible isoline Prelude, the moderately resistant isoline Prelude-Sr24, and the highly resistant isoline Prelude-Sr5. The rate of net photosynthesis, expressed per unit leaf area, was not significantly changed in any of the three near-isogenic lines during the early stages of infection, then increased slightly in the highly resistant line, while decreasing in the moderately resistant and fully susceptible lines. In the moderately resistant plants, this decrease continued linearly until 8 days after inoculation when no photosynthetic activity was detectable. In the susceptible line, the decrease gradually slowed down around 4-6 days after inoculation and photosynthetic activity remained constant thereafter. The chlorophyll content decreased only slightly during infection in highly resistant plants, but chlorophyll eventually disappeared completely from the infected, moderately resistant plants. The initially similarly strong decrease in chlorophyll content in the susceptible plants gradually came to a halt during the later stages of infection. Expressed per unit chlorophyll, photosynthetic 0, evolution increased slightly in highly resistant plants, remained unchanged in moderately resistant plants, and decreased to a stable level in the susceptible plants. The infection-induced changes in the 3-phosphoglycerate content closely resembled the changes in 0, evolution. No infection-induced changes were observed in the thylakoid membrane proteins from leaves of all three isolines. The results are discussed in relation to previously described changes in the primary metabolism of the three near-isogenic wheat lines after inoculation with the stem rust fungus, namely polyamine content, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate content, respiratory activity, invertase activity, and assimilate contents. membrane proteins.MOERSCHBACHER, B.M., VANDER, P., SPRINGER, C., NOLL, U., et SCHMITTMANN, G. 1994. Photosynthesis in stem rustinfected, resistant and susceptible near-isogenic wheat leaves. Can. J . Bot. 72 : 990-997. Les auteurs ont inoculC les feuilles de trois lignCes presqu'isogCniques de blC (Triticum aestivum) cv. Prelude avec les uredospores de la rouille (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) race 32, 12 jours aprbs la germination; les lignCes de blC utilisCes se distinguent par leur degrC de rCsistance envers cette race de la rouille noire. DiffCren...

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Alteration of Physiological Processes in Wheat Flag Leaves Caused by Stem Rust and Leaf Rust

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Grain yield losses in yellow-rusted durum wheat estimated using digital and conventional parameters under field conditions

Grain yield losses in yellow-rusted durum wheat estimated using digital and conventional parameters under field conditions

Low-cost assessment of wheat resistance to yellow rust through conventional RGB images

Photosynthesis in stem rust-infected, resistant and susceptible near-isogenic wheat leaves

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