Alteration of hypnotic experience following transcranial electrical stimulation of the left prefrontal cortex

Perri, Rinaldo Livio; Filippo, Gloria Di

doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100346

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…These observations would be highly beneficial for improving clinical treatments with hypnosis. This review has also documented how noninvasive neuromodulation methods (TMS, tDCS) in humans can increase individual hypnotizability [108,191,192]. Thus, it is expected that future hypnosis research should validate GABA/ACC vs. hypnotizability findings and expand upon these findings by setting up reliable adjunctive procedures to enhance hypnotizability, including noninvasive brain stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Using an original personalized and targeted neuroimaging-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS, with a continuous theta-burst) to the left-DLPC (L-DLPFC), these authors obtained a temporary increase in hypnotizability and subjective experience of hypnosis. In another recent study by Perri and Di Filippo [192], a unilateral inhibitory transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left DLPFC was observed to enhance the experience of hypnotizability by 15.4% and altered a few dimensions of consciousness, such as self-awareness and absorption.…”

Section: Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Correlates Of Hypnoti...mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Brain Functional Correlates of Resting Hypnosis and Hypnotizability: A Review

De Pascalis

2024

Brain Sciences

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This comprehensive review delves into the cognitive neuroscience of hypnosis and variations in hypnotizability by examining research employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and electroencephalography (EEG) methods. Key focus areas include functional brain imaging correlations in hypnosis, EEG band oscillations as indicators of hypnotic states, alterations in EEG functional connectivity during hypnosis and wakefulness, drawing critical conclusions, and suggesting future research directions. The reviewed functional connectivity findings support the notion that disruptions in the available integration between different components of the executive control network during hypnosis may correspond to altered subjective appraisals of the agency during the hypnotic response, as per dissociated and cold control theories of hypnosis. A promising exploration avenue involves investigating how frontal lobes’ neurochemical and aperiodic components of the EEG activity at waking-rest are linked to individual differences in hypnotizability. Future studies investigating the effects of hypnosis on brain function should prioritize examining distinctive activation patterns across various neural networks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Correlates Of Hypnoti...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Brain Functional Correlates of Resting Hypnosis and Hypnotizability: A Review

De Pascalis

2024

Brain Sciences

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“…Finally, cathodal left DLPFC tDCS was demonstrated to enhance hypnotizability by 15% and to alter some dimensions of consciousness, significantly increasing attention, absorption and time sense while decreasing self-awareness and memory (Rinaldo L. Perri et al 2022; Rinaldo Livio Perri and Di Filippo 2023). While our observations of the monkey’s high fixation task performance would be consistent with increased attention or absorption, the demonstration of a modulatory effect of cathodal tDCS on one or other of these specific mental processes or dimensions of consciousness will require further investigations in humans using relevant behavioral measures, cognitive tasks and brain activity tracking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation modulates primate brain dynamics across states of consciousness.

Hoffner,

Castro,

Uhrig

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation approach that has been reported to perturb task activity and to benefit patients with a variety of diseases. Nevertheless, the effects of tDCS on brain dynamics and transitions in brain patterns across states of consciousness remain poorly understood. Objective: Here, we investigated the modulatory effect of prefrontal cortex (PFC) tDCS on brain dynamics, both in the awake state and during anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness in non-human primates. Methods: We acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data before, during, and after the application of high-density tDCS (HD-tDCS) utilizing a prefrontal-occipital montage with two electrodes. In the awake state, macaques received either anodal or cathodal PFC stimulation. Under anesthesia, macaques underwent two consecutive anodal PFC stimulations of increasing intensity. Dynamical functional connectivity was measured using fMRI, and the resulting connectivity matrices were clustered into distinct brain patterns. Results: We found that cathodal PFC HD-tDCS robustly disrupted the rich dynamic repertoire of brain patterns of the awake state. It increased the brain structure-function correlation, decreased Shannon entropy, and strongly favored Markov chain transition probabilities towards patterns closest to anatomy. Under anesthesia, 2 mA anodal PFC HD-tDCS significantly changed the distribution of brain patterns and reduced the structure-function correlation. Conclusion: Our findings offer compelling evidence that prefrontal tDCS induces a striking modification in the fMRI-based dynamic organization of the brain across varying states of consciousness. This contributes to an enhanced understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying tDCS neuromodulation.

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“…This increased responsiveness to hypnosis is often associated with impaired executive monitoring 72 , or a reduction in rational thinking, and a tendency toward a more experiential and emotional perception of reality 71 . It can also occur due to inaccurate higher order thoughts regarding one's intention 32 , which may be accompanied by impaired functioning of DLPFC brain regions associated with accurate higher order thoughts 34,35,73 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma power and beta envelope correlation are potential neural predictors of deep hypnosis

Farahzadi,

Alldredge,

Kekecs

2024

Sci Rep

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Hypnosis is a psychological intervention that is commonly used to enhance the effectiveness of therapeutic suggestions. Despite extensive fascination and study, the neural mechanisms behind hypnosis remain elusive. In the current study, we undertook a systematic exploration of these neural correlates. We first extracted well-studied neurophysiological features from EEG sensors and source-localized data using spectral analysis and two measures of functional connectivity: weighted phase lag index (wPLI) and power envelope correlation (PEC). Next, we developed classification models that predicted self-rated hypnotic experience based on the extracted feature sets. Our findings reveal that gamma power computed on sensor-level data and beta PEC computed between source-localized brain networks are the top predictors of hypnosis depth. Further, a SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis suggested reduced gamma power in the midline frontal area and increased beta PEC between interhemispheric Dorsal Attention Networks (DAN) contribute to the hypnotic experience. These results broaden our understanding of the neural correlates of deep hypnosis, highlighting potential targets for future research. Moreover, this study demonstrates the potential of using predictive models in understanding the neural underpinnings of self-reported hypnotic depth, offering a template for future investigations.

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Alteration of hypnotic experience following transcranial electrical stimulation of the left prefrontal cortex

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Brain Functional Correlates of Resting Hypnosis and Hypnotizability: A Review

Brain Functional Correlates of Resting Hypnosis and Hypnotizability: A Review

Transcranial direct current stimulation modulates primate brain dynamics across states of consciousness.

Gamma power and beta envelope correlation are potential neural predictors of deep hypnosis

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