Alteration of Gastrointestinal Mucin by Fiber Feeding in Rats

Subramaniam, Sreeramanan; Vargofcak-Apker, Mary; Calvert, Richard J.; Leeds, Anthony; Cassidy, Marie M.

doi:10.1093/jn/120.10.1179

Cited by 138 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This range was intermediate between other direct ELISA assays for human (2 to 15 ng·mL -1 ) [36], rat (0 to 20 ng·mL -1 ) [35] or preruminant calf (20 to 640 ng·mL -1 ) [21] small intestinal glycoprotein. The ELISA intraand inter-plate variabilities were very similar between porcine (present work) and bovine glycoprotein (previous work, [21] ).…”

Section: Hyperimmune Plasma Characterization and Elisa Assay Set Upmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…This setup allowed removal of the excess of guanidine hydrochloride, necessary for solubilization of mucin, by extensive washing before immunological reaction. Similar direct ELISA assays for intestinal glycoproteins of calves and rats have been successfully developed in our laboratory [21] and elsewhere [35], respectively.…”

Section: Hyperimmune Plasma Characterization and Elisa Assay Set Upmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Estimation of ileal output of gastro-intestinal glycoprotein in weaned piglets using three different methods

et al. 2004

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-Mucin is the main constituent of gastrointestinal mucus and is responsible for its physicochemical and physiological properties. Previous studies have suggested that this glycoprotein represents a major component of undigested endogenous protein at the ileum. The aim of the study was to estimate the ileal output of this glycoprotein using three methods: direct ELISA, hexosaminebased method and ethanol precipitation. For setting up the ELISA assay, the glycoprotein was isolated from intestinal mucus scraping by cesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation and a rabbit hyperimmune plasma was raised against the purified glycoprotein. Ileal outputs of hexosamine and glycoprotein were measured in weaned piglets fed a control diet (C) based on casein or diets which contained 50% crude protein supplied by white (WCP) or black (BCP) chickpea. The hexosamine output was higher (P < 0.05) with the WCP diet (2.3 and 1.5 g·kg -1 of dry matter intake for glucosamine and galactosamine, respectively) than with diet C (1.1 and 0.7 g·kg -1 of DMI). The hexosamine-based and ethanol precipitation methods, but not the ELISA, showed significant differences between the diet treatments (P < 0.05). Although hexosamine-based and ethanol precipitation methods for the estimation of ileal glycoprotein appeared to be more satisfactory than the developed ELISA to display diet effects in this study, it remains to be determined whether the higher glycoprotein data variability observed with ELISA reflects the actual biological variability of the phenomenon or not.small intestine / methods / glycoprotein / piglet

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Section: Hyperimmune Plasma Characterization and Elisa Assay Set Upmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Hyperimmune Plasma Characterization and Elisa Assay Set Upmentioning

confidence: 97%

Estimation of ileal output of gastro-intestinal glycoprotein in weaned piglets using three different methods

et al. 2004

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“…It also led to an increase of endogenous secretions and to a reduction in the apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients in broilers (Smits et al, 1997;Langhout, et al, 1999). Other results in pigs (Mosenthin et al, 1994) and rats (Ikegami et al, 1990;Satchithanandam et al, 1990), also indicate that dietary inclusion of viscous substances (apple and citrus pectins, guar gum, or carboxyl methyl cellulose) increased the production of different components of endogenous losses as mucins, intestinal and pancreatic secretions. There are no available data about this subject in rabbits, but the results on apparent ileal AA flow obtained in the present work could confirm this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect on digestion and performance of dietary protein content and of increased substitution of lucerne hay with soya-bean protein concentrate in starter diets for young rabbits

Chamorro

Gómez-Conde

Rozas

et al. 2007

Animal

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The aim of this work was to study the effect of protein source / availability on the intestinal microbiota, digestive traits and nutritional performance of early-weaned rabbits. The effects of supplemental antibiotics in the drinking water were also evaluated. Four isoenergetic and isofibrous diets were formulated: a control diet with a high protein (207 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and lucerne hay content (HPHL), a diet with low crude protein (CP) (179 g/kg DM) and high lucerne hay content (LPHL) and low protein diets in which the lucerne hay in diet LPHL was replaced partially (LPML) or totally (LPLL) with soya-bean protein concentrate. Rabbits, weaned at 25 days (52 per diet), were fed the experimental diets for a 2-week period and thereafter received a commercial diet until 56 days of age. The incidence of mortality was investigated using 70 animals per diet without supplemental medication. The profile of the ileal microbiota was studied at 35 days of age in rabbits treated (18 per diet) or not (12 per diet) with antibiotic. As expected, supplementation with antibiotics effectively reduced fattening mortality rate and microbial biodiversity. However, lowering of also the dietary CP content led to a reduction in the mortality rate ( P , 0.05), both in animals treated with (by 80%) or without (by 39%) antibiotics. In addition, there was a reduction ( P , 0.05) in the frequency of Clostridium perfringens in nonmedicated animals. Neither jejunal morphology nor growth performance, over the whole fattening period, was affected by dietary CP content of the experimental diets. However, with HPHL, feed efficiency was higher (by 4.8%; P , 0.01) than with LPHL diets. Substitution of lucerne hay with soya-bean meal in low protein diets did not affect apparent faecal or ileal digestibility of DM and CP. However, the ileal digestibility of cystine, alanine, aspartic acid, and proline was lowered ( P , 0.05) with increasing substitution by soya bean. Nevertheless, ileal CP flow, incidence of mortality and presence of C. perfringens were unaffected. Our results suggest that a reduction in dietary CP, resulting in reduced lumenal flows of nitrogen through the ileum, may be beneficial for young rabbits and limit the numbers of potentially harmful bacteria in the lower gut. Modulation of dietary CP should be contemplated as a strategy to increase the intestinal health in rabbits.

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“…50 Dietary fibers, such as guar gum and citrus fibers, increase mucin production, resulting in reduced bacterial translocation. 51 An increase in sulphomucin production in inulin-fed rats has also been reported. 52 Increased mucin production may result from fermentation and increased SCFA production by prebiotics.…”

Section: Effects On Intestinal Barrier Functionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Prebiotics in Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

Langen

Dieleman

2009

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

156

107

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Prebiotics are nondigestible fermentable fibers that are reported to have health benefits for the host. Older as well as more recent studies show beneficial effects in experimental colitis and lately also in human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and chronic pouchitis. In this review we give an overview of the benefits of prebiotics in rodent IBD models and in IBD patients and discuss their possible protective mechanisms. Commensal intestinal bacteria induce and perpetuate chronic intestinal inflammation, whereas others are protective. However, most of the current medications are directed against the exaggerated proinflammatory immune response of the host, some of them toxic and costly. Feeding prebiotics changes the composition of the intestinal microflora toward more protective intestinal bacteria and alters systemic and mucosal immune responses of the host. Therapy for IBD targeting intestinal bacteria and their function is just emerging. Prebiotics have the promise to be relatively safe, inexpensive, and easy to administer. Unraveling their protective mechanisms will help to develop rational applications of prebiotics. However, the initial promising results with dietary prebiotics in preclinical trials as well as small studies in human IBD will need to be confirmed in large randomized controlled clinical trials. Keywords ulcerative colitis; Crohn's disease; prebiotics; bifidobacteria; lactobacilli The incidence and prevalence of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are increasing in the developed northern hemisphere. Bernstein et al 1 recently published data that showed that Canada has the highest incidence and prevalence of CD thus far reported. The incidence rate for CD ranged from 8.8-20.2 per 100,000 and the prevalence ranged from 161-319 per 100,000. The incidence and prevalence of UC was lower, ranging from 9.9-19.5 and 162-249 per 100,000, respectively. Approximately 0.5% of the Canadian population has IBD. Several studies concerning the pathogenesis of IBD indicate that a combination of factors such as genetic susceptibility, intestinal microflora, dietary factors, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and an abnormal immune response to intestinal bacteria lead to chronic intestinal inflammation. CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript Current IBD TherapeuticsThe current medical armamentarium to treat UC and CD consists of 5-aminosalicylic acid (ASA) compounds, corticosteroids, azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, and cyclosporine. Recently several biologics have been added to this list. 5 Most patients respond well to these therapies, but for some patients it is still inadequate and/or induces intolerable and serious side effects. In addition, the current therapies are mostly directed against the overly aggressive adaptive immune response of the host, but fail to correct potential environmental triggers such as the intestinal microflora that induces a...

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Alteration of Gastrointestinal Mucin by Fiber Feeding in Rats

Cited by 138 publications

References 20 publications

Estimation of ileal output of gastro-intestinal glycoprotein in weaned piglets using three different methods

Estimation of ileal output of gastro-intestinal glycoprotein in weaned piglets using three different methods

Effect on digestion and performance of dietary protein content and of increased substitution of lucerne hay with soya-bean protein concentrate in starter diets for young rabbits

Prebiotics in Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

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