Alteration of factors associated with hepatic gluconeogenesis in response to acute lipopolysaccharide in dairy goat1

Wang, L. F.; Yang, Gaiqing; Yang, Suzhen; Yang, Gang; Li, M.; Zhu, H S; Wang, Y. Y.; Han, Liqiang; Liu, R. Y.; Jia, S. D.; Song, Fei

doi:10.2527/jas.2014-8718

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Steiger et al (1999) attributed the initial increase in serum glucose concentrations to enhanced glycogenolysis. The observed hypoglycemia after the initial increase in serum glucose concentrations is a response that appears to occur often in ruminant animals exposed to LPS (Steiger et al, 1999;Waggoner et al, 2009b;Wang et al, 2015). As described by Waggoner et al (2009b), hypoglycemia that follows the initial increase in serum glucose concentrations in LPS-challenged cattle is indicative of glucose utilization exceeding glucose synthesis.…”

Section: Endotoxin Challengementioning

confidence: 91%

Post-ruminal branched-chain amino acid supplementation and intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusion alter blood metabolites, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen balance of beef steers1

Löest

Gilliam

Waggoner

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Steers exposed to an endotoxin may require additional branched-chain AA (BCAA) to support an increase in synthesis of immune proteins. This study evaluated effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and BCAA supplementation on blood metabolites and N balance of 20 ruminally-cannulated steers (177 ± 4.2 kg BW). The experiment was a randomized block design, with 14-d adaptation to metabolism stalls and diet (DM fed = 1.5% BW) and 6-d collection. Treatments were a 2 × 2 factorial of LPS (0 vs. 1.0 to 1.5 μg/kg BW; -LPS vs. +LPS) and BCAA (0 vs. 35 g/d; -BCAA vs. +BCAA). The LPS in 100 mL sterile saline was infused (1 mL/min via i.v. catheter) on day 15. The BCAA in an essential AA solution were abomasally infused (900 mL/d) three times daily in equal portions beginning on day 7. Blood, rumen fluid, and rectal temperature were collected on day 15 at h 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 after LPS infusion. Feces and urine were collected from day 16 to 20. Rectal temperatures were greater for +LPS vs. -LPS steers at 4 h and lower at 8 h after LPS infusion (LPS × h, P < 0.01). Serum cortisol and plasma urea N were greater for +LPS than -LPS steers at 2 (cortisol only), 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after LPS infusion (LPS × h, P< 0.01). Serum cortisol was greater for +BCAA than -BCAA steers at 12 h after LPS infusion (BCAA × h, P < 0.05). Serum glucose was greater for +LPS than -LPS steers at 2 h after LPS infusion (LPS × h, P < 0.01). Plasma Ile, Leu, and Val were lower, and plasma His was greater in +LPS than -LPS steers (LPS, P < 0.05). Plasma Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp of +LPS steers were lower than -LPS steers at 4 (Thr only), 8 (Lys and Trp only), 12, and 24 h after infusion (LPS × h, P < 0.05). Plasma Ile, Leu, and Val were greater (BCAA, P < 0.01), and Met, His, Phe, Thr, and Trp were lower for +BCAA than -BCAA steers at 0 and 24 h after LPS infusion (BCAA × h, P ≤ 0.05). Steers receiving +LPS had lower rumen pH at 8 h, greater total VFA at 8 h, and lower rumen NH3 at 24 h after LPS infusion compared with -LPS steers (LPS × h, P ≤ 0.04). Total tract passage rates, DM, OM, NDF, ADF, and N intake, fecal N, digested N, and retained N were lower (P < 0.05) for +LPS than -LPS steers. Total N supply (dietary plus infused) and fecal N were greater (P < 0.05) for +BCAA vs. -BCAA steers. The absence of LPS × BCAA interactions (P ≥ 0.20) for N balance indicated that post-ruminal supplementation of BCAA did not alleviate the negative effects of endotoxin on N utilization by growing steers.

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Section: Endotoxin Challengementioning

confidence: 91%

Post-ruminal branched-chain amino acid supplementation and intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusion alter blood metabolites, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen balance of beef steers1

Löest

Gilliam

Waggoner

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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“…These results differ slightly from the observations of others that have used much higher doses of LPS to suppress gluconeogenesis and showed increases in glycolytic genes such as Phosphofructokinase-1 and decreases in gluconeogenesis genes Fructose 2, 6 bisphosphate, Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase, and Glucose 6 phosphate. [21, 22, 42, 43]. Our studies showed decreases in glycolytic and gluconeogenic genes with no change in Pepck .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Acute low-dose endotoxin treatment results in improved whole-body glucose homeostasis in mice

et al. 2017

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Background Obese individuals present with an increased inflammatory tone as compared to healthy, normal-weight individuals, which is associated with insulin resistance. One factor hypothesized to contribute to increased inflammation in obese and diabetic states is elevated blood endotoxin levels, a condition known as metabolic endotoxemia. In non-obese and insulin sensitive individuals, circulating endotoxin concentrations fluctuate over the course of the day with elevations in the post-prandial state that return to baseline levels in the post-absorptive state. Evidence suggests that high-fat feeding alters these fluctuations causing endotoxin levels to remain high throughout the day. The effects of alterations in endotoxin levels on glucose metabolism are not clearly understood. Purpose/Procedures The goal of this study was to determine the effects of both short-term and long-term increases in endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) of a low magnitude on the glucose tolerance and insulin signaling in a human primary cell line as well as the effects of short-term endotoxin treatments on glucose homeostasis in a C57/Bl6 mouse model. First, we tested the hypothesis that short-term low-dose endotoxin treatments would augment insulin signaling and glycogen synthesis while long-term treatments would be disruptive in the cell culture model. Second, we examined if these short-term low dose treatments of endotoxin would contribute to similar improvements in whole-body glucose homeostasis in a mouse model. Main Findings Contrary to our initial hypothesis, short-term endotoxin treatment had no effect on insulin signaling or glycogen synthesis, however long-term treatment indeed decreased glycogen synthesis (P<.05). Interestingly, short-term endotoxin treatment resulted in significant improvements in glucose homeostasis in the mouse model (P<.01); which is believed to be at least partly attributed to an inhibitory action of LPS on liver glucose production. Conclusions This research shows that low-magnitude, short-term changes in LPS can have significant effects on whole body glucose metabolism and this likely occurs through its direct actions on the liver. Additional studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms responsible for altered glucose metabolism in response to low magnitude changes in LPS levels.

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“…ACSS3 plays a role in the activation of acetate to specific metabolic fate, and has also a high activity to activate propionate [ 11 ]. In mitochondria, ACSS3 catalyzes the conversion of propionate to propionyl-CoA at the first step of the propionate-originated gluconeogenesis pathway [ 12 ]. In this study, steers exhibited higher (p = 0.06) ACSS3 mRNA levels than did bulls ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic transcriptional changes in critical genes for gluconeogenesis following castration of bulls

Fassah

Jeong

Baik

2018

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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ObjectiveThis study was performed to understand transcriptional changes in the genes involved in gluconeogenesis and glycolysis pathways following castration of bulls.MethodsTwenty Korean bulls were weaned at average 3 months of age, and castrated at 6 months. Liver tissues were collected from bulls (n = 10) and steers (n = 10) of Korean cattle, and hepatic gene expression levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We examined hepatic transcription levels of genes encoding enzymes for irreversible reactions in both gluconeogenesis and glycolysis as well as genes encoding enzymes for the utilization of several glucogenic substrates. Correlations between hepatic gene expression and carcass characteristics were performed to understand their associations.ResultsCastration increased the mRNA (3.6 fold; p<0.01) and protein levels (1.4 fold; p< 0.05) of pyruvate carboxylase and mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes (1.7 fold; p<0.05). Hepatic mRNA levels of genes encoding the glycolysis enzymes were not changed by castration. Castration increased mRNA levels of both lactate dehydrogenase A (1.5 fold; p<0.05) and lactate dehydrogenase B (2.2 fold; p<0.01) genes for lactate utilization. Castration increased mRNA levels of glycerol kinase (2.7 fold; p<0.05) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (1.5 fold; p<0.05) genes for glycerol utilization. Castration also increased mRNA levels of propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta (mitochondrial) (3.5 fold; p<0.01) and acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 3 (1.3 fold; p = 0.06) genes for propionate incorporation.ConclusionCastration increases transcription levels of critical genes coding for enzymes involved in irreversible gluconeogenesis reactions from pyruvate to glucose and enzymes responsible for incorporation of glucogenic substrates including lactate, glycerol, and propionate. Hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression levels were associated with intramuscular fat deposition.

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Alteration of factors associated with hepatic gluconeogenesis in response to acute lipopolysaccharide in dairy goat1

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Post-ruminal branched-chain amino acid supplementation and intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusion alter blood metabolites, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen balance of beef steers1

Post-ruminal branched-chain amino acid supplementation and intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusion alter blood metabolites, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen balance of beef steers1

Acute low-dose endotoxin treatment results in improved whole-body glucose homeostasis in mice

Hepatic transcriptional changes in critical genes for gluconeogenesis following castration of bulls

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