Alteration of Bentonite From Ughelli By Nitric Acid Activation: Kinetics And Physicochemical Properties

Ajemba, Regina O.

doi:10.17485/ijst/2013/v6i2.20

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The notable decrease in the intensities of the peaks at 3620.9, 3387.00, and 1635.64 cm À1 could have been due to the removal of octahedral cations such as Al 3+ from the clay structure because of the penetration of acid protons into the bentonite layers attaching the OH groups. 35,40 Moreover, the decrease in the intensity of 692.44 cm À1 resulted from the partial dissolution of aluminum ions in the octahedral sheet of bentonite. 35 As a consequence, the activation process did not lead to any alteration in the positions of main peaks, and the basic clay structure did not collapse.…”

Section: Characterization Results For Bentonite Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it is clearly seen in Figure 2 that there were considerable changes related to the intensities of these peaks due to the effect of the activation process. The notable decrease in the intensities of the peaks at 3620.9, 3387.00, and 1635.64 cm −1 could have been due to the removal of octahedral cations such as Al 3+ from the clay structure because of the penetration of acid protons into the bentonite layers attaching the OH groups 35,40 . Moreover, the decrease in the intensity of 692.44 cm −1 resulted from the partial dissolution of aluminum ions in the octahedral sheet of bentonite 35 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic pyrolysis of lignite with clay catalyst activated with spent pickling liquor

Kar,

Mert

2023

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Spent pickling liquor (SPL) is an acidic waste with rich iron content from the stainless steel production industry. Reusability of SPL as a catalytic activity promoter in bentonite clay is crucial for the catalytic pyrolysis of various materials like biomass, coal, and waste plastics. For this aim, the bentonite catalyst activated with the SPL nomenclatured as SPL‐treated bentonite (SPLAB) catalyst was employed in the catalytic pyrolysis of lignite for an oil product with high yield and quality. The SPL‐treated bentonite catalytic pyrolysis oil (SPLABO) for the conditions of the final temperature of 600°C, heating rate of 10°C/min, and catalyst ratio of 15 wt% had a yield of 26.35 ± 1.14 wt% and good fuel properties in view of the higher heating value of 35.23 MJ/kg and density of 1076.4 kg/m3 at 20°C. Moreover, it has a rich chemical content by means of monocyclic aromatics and shorter chain alkanes compared with that of the thermal activated bentonite oil (TABO). Based on the chemical structure analysis results of the SPLABO and TABO comparatively, it was concluded that the SPL agent used as a catalytic activity promoter led to a significant increase in the catalytic activity of bentonite catalyst.

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Section: Characterization Results For Bentonite Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic pyrolysis of lignite with clay catalyst activated with spent pickling liquor

Kar,

Mert

2023

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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“…There is direct correlation between adsorption and surface area, the adsorption capacity of bentonites could be improved by activation process, by increasing the surface area, porosity or pore volume. In acid activation not only leaches out cations from octahedral and tetrahedral sheets but also soluble impurities like calcite, or other cations are exchanged with hydrogen ions [24]. Exchangeable cations (e.g.…”

Section: Bet Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Nitrate from Ground Water using Indian Bentonite: Fixed Bed Column Study

Srivastava¹,

Singh²

2017

IJERT

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With the ultimate objective of developing an inorganic, naturally occurring, low-cost, alternative, sustainable and eco-friendly sorptive media for nitrate removal from drinking water, in the present work treated bentonite has been studied as adsorbent medium. The characterization of the adsorbent was done using FTIR, SEM+EDS, BET and XRF. It was observed that Acid Activated bentonite clay shows the potential of an effective adsorbent for the nitrate from aqueous solution. During column operations it was observed that time of breakthrough increases with the increase in bed height or EBCT. Also it was observed that the breakthrough time of the filter depends on the type of sand used for preparation of the sorption bed in column operation.

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“…The first step of acid activation consists of replacing protons by exchangeable cations, and then leaching of metal ions of both tetrahedral and octahedral sites occurs, leaving the remaining silicate groups largely intact [4,5]. Many research groups investigated acid activation of clays [6,7], demonstrating that the maximum adsorption capacity (q max ) of 25.8 mg/g was obtained. Ouachtak et al [28] demonstrated that CTAB-modified bentonite can be also used to effectively remove Orange G (OG) dye from aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Orange G Dye on Hydrophobic Activated Bentonite from Aqueous Solution

et al. 2023

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This report focusses on the modification of physical structure and chemical properties of a bentonite clay from the Hammam Boughrara region of the Maghnia district in western Algeria to maximize its adsorption capacity. The purified bentonite clay (called B) was modified, either by acid activation with 1M sulfuric acid (B-Act), or by intercalation with the cationic surfactant cetytrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), applying a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 100% (called B-CTAB). Modification of B was also introduced by combining these two steps consecutively, i.e., at first acid activation of B, followed by intercalation with CTAB (B-Act-CTAB). The B-Act-CTAB was obtained by H2SO4 (1M) acid activation, followed by co-adsorption of CTAB with 100% and 300% of the CEC of B-Act as precursor. In particular, a strong increase of surface area and pore volume of the modified bentonites was observed for B-Act (469.83 m²/g and 0.401 cm3g−1), B-Act-CTAB100 (267.72 m²/g and 0.316 cm3 g−1) and B-Act-CTAB300 (111.15 m²/g and 0.171 cm3g−1), compared to B (31.79 m²/g and 0.074 cm3 g−1) and B-CTAB (3.79 m²/g and 0.034 cm3 g−1), respectively. The bentonite-based adsorbents were then used to evaluate the removal efficiency of an organic molecule, the azo dye Orange G (OG), as a model for a Persistent Organic Pollutant. Freundlich, Langmuir and Sips (Langmuir–Freundlich) models were applied to analyze equilibrium isotherms, showing a good correlation between experimental data and the Freundlich model. A good agreement was obtained between experimentally obtained kinetic adsorption data and the pseudo-second-order model, allowing to evaluate rate constants. B-Act-CTAB300 can be applied as a low-cost material for removal of azo dyes, since its adsorption capacity towards OG (102.80 mg/g) exceeds largely that of B-CTAB (31.49 mg/g) and B-Act-CTAB100 (12.77 mg/g).

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Alteration of Bentonite From Ughelli By Nitric Acid Activation: Kinetics And Physicochemical Properties

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Catalytic pyrolysis of lignite with clay catalyst activated with spent pickling liquor

Catalytic pyrolysis of lignite with clay catalyst activated with spent pickling liquor

Adsorption of Nitrate from Ground Water using Indian Bentonite: Fixed Bed Column Study

Adsorption of Orange G Dye on Hydrophobic Activated Bentonite from Aqueous Solution

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