Alteration in the activity of oxidative enzymes in the tissues of male wistar albino rats exposed to cadmium

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of cadmium (Cd) on the activities of some oxidative enzymes [viz Aldehyde oxidase, AO (E.C. 1.2.3.1); Xanthine oxidase, XO (E.C. 1.2.3.2); Sulphite oxidase, SO (E.C.1.8.3.1.); and Monoamine oxidase, MO (E.C. 1.4.3.4)] in the liver and kidney. Materials and methods: Male Wistar albino rats were administered 1, 2 and 4 mg Cd 2+ /kg body weight for one and three months. The activities of the oxidative enzymes were subsequently analyzed in the liver and kidney after both periods of exposure. Results: There was a dose dependent increase in liver and kidney Cd concentration in the test rats as compared to control after both periods of treatment with the liver retaining higher concentration of Cd than the kidney for each of the exposure dose. The oxidative enzymes were decreased in a dose dependent manner in the liver and kidney after both periods of treatment. The percentage inhibition of these enzymes was less in the liver of rats treated with Cd for three months relative to the one month treated rats for each of the exposure dose. Conversely, the inhibition of the activities of these enzymes in the kidney of rats in all the treatment groups was more pronounced after three months relative to the trend in the one month treated rats. However, the activities of the oxidative enzymes were higher in the liver as compared to the kidney in all the treatment groups after both durations of Cd treatment. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the inhibition of the oxidative enzymes by Cd may disturb metabolism of bioactive endogenous substances, exogenous components of food and some xenobiotics.

Role of Anthocleista vogelii in serum antioxidant defence system in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

“…7). The graphical outcomes of the present study conformed with previous reports, showing that exposure to Cd results in elevated levels of MDA, a derivative of lipid peroxidation and biomarker of oxidative damage [10,49,50]. Again, the results proposed that the leaf extract of A. vogelii ameliorated Cd-initiated oxidative stress through enhancement of enzymatic antioxidant defence system in male Wistar rats (Figs.…”

Protective Effects of Baicalein against Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Testes

“…Yousef et al (2008) indicated that body weight reduction can be used as an important indicator for the deterioration of rat general health status. Cadmium has inhibitory action on digestive and absorption enzymes (Asagba, 2010). This finding may explain the weight loss of rats as observed in this experiment.…”

Ameliorative potential of Aframomum melegueta extract in cadmium-induced hepatic damage and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats

“…Its intracellular accumulation induces oxidative stress leading to hepatocellular damage via displacement of redox-active metals, depletion of redox scavengers, inhibition of anti-oxidant enzymes and inhibition of the electron transport chain resulting in mitochondrial damage (Nair et al, 2013;Adiele et al, 2012;Patra et al, 2011). In the present study, the significant decrease in the serum total protein and albumin of animals exposed to cadmium can be attributed to impairment in hepatocyte functions causing decreased cytochrome P-450 activity and inhibition in protein metabolism in the liver (Ibiam et al, 2013;Asagba, 2010). Whereas, the increased serum level of direct bilirubin and total bilirubin in the present study is a clear indication of hepatic dysfunction which correlates with the oxidative damage in the liver due to oxidative stress (Renugadevi and Prabu, 2010;Kowalczyk et al, 2003).…”