Alpine Peatlands of the Andes, Cajamarca, Peru

Cooper, David J.; Wolf, Evan C.; Colson, C.M.; Vering, Walter; Granda, Arturo; Meyer, Michael T.

doi:10.1657/1938-4246-42.1.19

Cited by 76 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…These studies predict changes in wetland area due to glacial decline primarily used remote sensing and lack direct groundwater measurements to validate hydrologic connections between wetlands and glacial melt water. In contrast, other studies have documented hillslope hydrologic support for Andean wetlands (Cooper et al, ; Mosquera et al, ) and for proglacial streams (Baraer et al, , ; Gordon et al, ; Somers et al, ). Most previous analyses are for the area around Cordillera Blanca in Peru, where the largest glaciers in the tropical Andes occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Drivers of peatland water table dynamics in the central Andes, Bolivia and Peru

Cooper

Sueltenfuss

Oyague

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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Cushion plant dominated peatlands are key ecosystems in tropical alpine regions of the Andes in South America. The cushion plants have formed peat bodies over thousands of years that fill many valley bottoms, and the forage produced by the plants is critical for native and nonnative domesticated mammals. The sources and flow paths of water supporting these peatlands remain largely unknown. Some studies have suggested that glacier meltwater streams support some peatlands, and that the ongoing loss of glaciers and their meltwaters could lead to the loss or diminishment of peatlands. We analysed the hydrologic regime of 10 peatlands in four mountain regions of Bolivia and Peru using groundwater monitoring. Groundwater levels in peatlands were relatively stable and within 20 cm of the ground surface during the rainy season, and many sites had water tables 40–90 cm below the ground surface in the dry season. Topographic and groundwater elevations in the peatlands demonstrated that the water source of all 10 peatlands was hillslope groundwater flowing from lateral moraines, talus, colluvium, or bedrock aquifers into the peatlands. There was little to no input from streams, whether derived from glacier melt or other sources, and glacier melt could not have recharged the hillslope aquifers supporting peatlands. We measured the stable water isotopes in water samples taken during different seasons, distributed throughout the catchments, and the values are consistent with this interpretation. Our findings indicate that peatlands in the study region are recharged by hillslope groundwater discharge rather than stream water and may not be as vulnerable to glacial decline as other studies have indicated. However, both glaciers and peatlands are susceptible to changing thermal and precipitation regimes that could affect the persistence of peatlands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Drivers of peatland water table dynamics in the central Andes, Bolivia and Peru

Cooper

Sueltenfuss

Oyague

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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“…La formación vegetal de Bofedal está conformado principalmente por las especies Distichia muscoides Nees & Meyen y Plantago rigida Kunth la cuales forman las grandes almohadillas sobre suelos hidromórficos por encima de los 4000 msnm, estos bofedales forman parte de los llamados humedales altoandinos y son considerados por el MINAM (2005) como ecosistemas frágiles, así mismo el conocimiento que se tiene sobre la flora en este ecosistema es aun limitado. En esta formación vegetal las familias más dominantes fueron Asteraceae y Poaceae, lo cual coincide con los estudios realizados en humedales altoandinos por Ramírez (2011) en Ancash, Salvador (2003) en Huánuco y Cooper et al (2010) en Cajamarca, que reportaron a estas familias como las más ricas en especies para humedales altoandinos.…”

Section: Materiales Y Métodos Resultadosunclassified

Flora Vascular Del Anexo De Marachanca Del Distrito De Matucana, Provincia De Huarochirí, Lima, Perú

Aquino¹,

Torre²,

Condo³

et al. 2017

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El objetivo de este estudio fue contribuir al conocimiento de la flora vascular del anexo de Marachanca, distrito de Matucana, Huarochirí, Lima, Perú, ubicado entre los 3000 msnm y 4650 msnm. Se realizaron colectas botánicas intensivas en las épocas húmeda y seca entre los años 2014 y 2016. Se registraron 257 especies agrupadas en 166 géneros y 61 familias. Las familias más diversas fueron Asteraceae (71 especies), Poaceae (30), Fabaceae (11) y Calceolariaceae (11), donde las formas de vida predominante fueron las hierbas (74,7%) y los arbustos (21%). Se identificaron cuatro formaciones vegetales, el matorral arbustivo albergó el 72,4% de la flora total, roquedal con el 40,1%, pajonal de puna con el 29,5% y bofedal con el 15,5%. Se registraron 33 especies endémicas para el Perú, dos restringidas para el departamento de Lima y tres ampliaron su distribución para este departamento. Por ultimo doce especies se mencionan categorizadas en la legislación Peruana y dos por la UICN (Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza).Palabras clave: Asteraceae -Flora vascular -anexo de Marachanca -endemismo -Matucana -PoaceaeThe Biologist (Lima)The Biologist (Lima)

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“…In turn, the study ponds are lower in content of trace elements compared to salt flat ponds of northern Chile (Table 7), but have higher concentrations compared to natural fresh waters (e.g., Chapman, 1996). The geochemical properties of the surrounding mountains can play an important role in defining the hydrochemical features of Andean water bodies, and thus, in the biota to be found in them (López et al, 1999;Risacher et al, 2002Risacher et al, , 2003Boschetti et al, 2007;Cooper et al, 2010;Alvial et al, 2013). For instance, the abundance of native sulfur leads to sulfate-rich inflow waters, which in turn produce by evaporative concentration sulfate-rich ponds (see Figures 2-3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some abiotic characteristics of shallow ponds included in an Andean peatland of the transitional desert of Chile

Cepeda-Pizarro

2015

Idesia

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The study ponds are part of a peatland located in the Elqui river basin of the Andes. They turned out to be heliotropic (homoeothermic), mesotrophic and mesopoikilohaline microlimnotopes. The ponds showed high content of dissolved metals, mainly Ca (mean ~205 mg/l), Na (~60 mg/l), Mg (~60 mg/l) and K (~13 mg/l), and the inorganic non-metals sulfate (~976 mg/l), chloride (~34.2 mg/l), phosphate (~23 mg/l), bicarbonate (~11 mg/l) and nitrate (~3.3 mg/l). Excluding Hg, Se and nitrite, trace elements were represented by Al, As, Cd, CN, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ba, Be, Co, Zn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Li, Ag, and V. The cationic pattern of ponds was Ca > Na > Mg > K >Mn; whereas the anionic pattern was sulfate > chloride > phosphate > carbonate > Fl. Although we did not study, the hydrochemical characteristics of these water bodies seem to reflect the characteristics of the geological substrate of the mountains through which the water drains into the peatland. Key words: Andean hydrochemistry, Andean wetlands, desert ponds, temporary ponds, saline ponds. RESUMEN Las pozas estudiadas forman parte de una vega ubicada en el piso altoandino de la hoya hidrográfica del río Elqui. Estas resultaron ser microlimnotopos heliotópicos (homeotérmicos), mesotróficos y mesopoikilohalinos. Las pozas mostraron niveles elevados de metales disueltos, principalmente Ca (promedio: ~205 mg/l), Na (~60 mg/l), Mg (~60 mg/l) y K (~13 mg/l), y los inorgánicos no metálicos sulfato (~976 mg/l), cloruro (~34,2 mg/l), fosfato (~23 mg/l), bicarbonato (~11 mg/l) y nitrato (~3,3 mg/l). ExcluyendoHg, Se y nitrito, las pozas presentaron niveles traza de Al, As total, Cd, CN, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ba, Be, Co, Zn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Li

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Alpine Peatlands of the Andes, Cajamarca, Peru

Cited by 76 publications

References 32 publications

Drivers of peatland water table dynamics in the central Andes, Bolivia and Peru

Drivers of peatland water table dynamics in the central Andes, Bolivia and Peru

Flora Vascular Del Anexo De Marachanca Del Distrito De Matucana, Provincia De Huarochirí, Lima, Perú

Some abiotic characteristics of shallow ponds included in an Andean peatland of the transitional desert of Chile

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