Alpha‐keratin and corneous beta protein in the parakeratinized epithelium of the tongue in the domestic goose (<i>Anser anser f. domestica</i>)

Skieresz‐Szewczyk, Kinga; Buchwald, Tomasz; Szybowicz, Mirosław; Jackowiak, Hanna

doi:10.1002/jez.b.22892

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…A comparative analysis of the distribution of alpha-keratin in the cornified epithelia of the tongue in birds indicates the existence of interspecies differences between the chicken and the three studied species of birds. Additionally, the current results confirm the earlier report by Skieresz-Szewczyk et al [ 25 , 26 ] determining a higher percentage of alpha-keratin in the basal and intermediate layers of the epithelium compared to the cornified layer of both types of cornified epithelia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Alpha-Keratin, Keratin-Associated Proteins and Transglutaminase 1 Are Present in the Ortho- and Parakeratinized Epithelium of the Avian Tongue

Skieresz‐Szewczyk

Jackowiak

Skrzypski

2022

Cells

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The lingual mucosa in birds is covered with two specific types of multilayered epithelia, i.e., the para- and orthokeratinized epithelium, that differ structurally and functionally. Comprehensive information on proteins synthesized in keratinocyte during their cytodifferentiation in subsequent layers of multilayered epithelia in birds concerns only the epidermis and are missing the epithelia of the lingual mucosa. The aim of the present study was to perform an immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular analysis (WB) of bird-specific alpha-keratin, keratin-associated proteins (KAPs), namely filaggrin and loricrin, as well as transglutaminase 1 in the para- and orthokeratinized epithelium covering the tongue in the domestic duck, goose, and turkey. The results reveal the presence of alpha-keratin and KAPs in both epithelia, which is a sign of the cornification process. In contrast to the epidermis, the main KAPs involved in the cornification process of the lingual epithelia in birds is loricrin. Stronger expression with KAPs and transglutaminase 1 in the orthokeratinized epithelium than in the parakeratinized epithelium may determine the formation of a more efficient protective mechanical barrier. The presence of alpha-keratin, KAPs, and transglutaminase 1 epitopes characteristic of epidermal cornification in both types of the lingual epithelia may prove that they are of ectodermal origin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Analyses of the components synthesized during cornification of the para- and orthokeratinized epithelium of the tongue in birds concern only the presence of alpha- and beta-keratin, which are accumulated in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes, similar to the apteric and scale epidermis [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-Keratin, Keratin-Associated Proteins and Transglutaminase 1 Are Present in the Ortho- and Parakeratinized Epithelium of the Avian Tongue

Skieresz‐Szewczyk

Jackowiak

Skrzypski

2022

Cells

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“…Raman spectra mapping was effectively used to determine the distribution of the secondary structure of proteins in our earlier research 55 , 56 . The distribution of the protein secondary structure on the AAF surface is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic, structural, and proteomic changes in Candida albicans cells induced by the protein-carbohydrate fraction of Dendrobaena veneta coelomic fluid

Fiołka

Czaplewska

Wójcik-Mieszawska

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The isolated protein-polysaccharide fraction (AAF) from the coelomic fluid of Dendrobaena veneta earthworm shows effective activity against Candida albicans yeast. Fungal cells of the clinical strain after incubation with the active fraction were characterized by disturbed cell division and different morphological forms due to the inability to separate the cells from each other. Staining of the cells with acridine orange revealed a change in the pH of the AAF-treated cells. It was observed that, after the AAF treatment, the mitochondrial DNA migrated towards the nuclear DNA, whereupon both merged into a single nuclear structure, which preceded the apoptotic process. Cells with a large nucleus were imaged with the scanning electron cryomicroscopy (Cryo-SEM) technique, while enlarged mitochondria and the degeneration of cell structures were shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The loss of the correct cell shape and cell wall integrity was visualized by both the TEM and SEM techniques. Mass spectrometry and relative quantitative SWATH MS analysis were used to determine the reaction of the C. albicans proteome to the components of the AAF fraction. AAF was observed to influence the expression of mitochondrial and oxidative stress proteins. The oxidative stress in C. albicans cells caused by the action of AAF was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy, proteomic methods, and XPS spectroscopy. The secondary structure of AAF proteins was characterized by Raman spectroscopy. Analysis of the elemental composition of AAF confirmed the homogeneity of the preparation. The observed action of AAF, which targets not only the cell wall but also the mitochondria, makes the preparation a potential antifungal drug killing the cells of the C. albicans pathogen through apoptosis.

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“…Contrary to these studies, the new publications delivery the data about coexistence of 2 types of keratinized/cornified multilayered mucosal epithelia in birds, that are orthokeratinized and parakeratinized epithelium ( Iwasaki et al., 1997 ; Jackowiak and Godynicki, 2005 ; Jackowiak et al., 2010 , 2011 ; Skieresz-Szewczyk and Jackowiak, 2016 ; Skieresz-Szewczyk et al., 2014 , 2017 , 2019 ). These epithelia cover different areas of dorsal surface of the tongue and have a close relation with the mechanism of feeding and intraoral transport of collected food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These epithelia cover different areas of dorsal surface of the tongue and have a close relation with the mechanism of feeding and intraoral transport of collected food. The orthokeratinized and parakeratinized epithelia differ in height, presence/absence of cell nuclei in the cornified layer, and content of alfa and beta keratins ( Jackowiak and Godynicki, 2005 ; Jackowiak et al., 2010 , 2011 ; Skieresz-Szewczyk and Jackowiak, 2016 ; Skieresz-Szewczyk et al., 2017 , 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional morphology of the tongue in the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo var. domesticus)

2021

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Nowadays, microstructural and ultrastructural analysis of organs of the avian beak cavity points to new aspects of adaptation to food intake through the various feeding groups. These data should undoubtedly be considered in the time of mass production of compound feed in poultry, when many studies analyze the optimal size of food particles and their doses. Galliformes possess complex mechanisms of food collection and transport in the beak cavity. They collect food by pecking and transport food by using catch-and-throw and slide-and-glue mechanisms. The aim of current research is to conduct functional analysis of the tongue in poultry such as domestic turkey in context of type of food, method of food intake, and transport to the esophagus. The study involves observations of macroscopic and microscopic structures of the tongue mucosa by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques with histochemical analysis of lingual glands. The obtained results showed that the tongue in domestic turkey fills two-thirds of the beak cavity. The lingual structure responsible for pecking is a rigid plate called lingual nail that works similar to a shovel to collect food. The median groove presented on surface of the tongue indicated path of food transport. The conical papillae on border between the lingual body and root are responsible for the last stage of food transport, while the papillae on the sides of root stabilize the path of food transport. For the first time, the presence of 2 types of cornified mucosal epithelia, orthokeratinized and parakeratinized epithelium, was presented. The analysis of occurrence of complex tubular lingual glands indicates production of mucous secretions composed of neutral mucopolysaccharides, with addition of sialomucins and sulfomucins. Mucous secretions moisturize surface of the tongue, thus facilitating the transport of dry food. The presence of sulfur mucopolysaccharides responds to protective function. To sum up, the tongue in domestic turkey is adapted to collect fine or coarse ground feed in form of mash or pellets through pecking and its transport to the esophagus using the slide-and-glue and throw-and-catch mechanisms.

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Alpha‐keratin and corneous beta protein in the parakeratinized epithelium of the tongue in the domestic goose (Anser anser f. domestica)

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Alpha-Keratin, Keratin-Associated Proteins and Transglutaminase 1 Are Present in the Ortho- and Parakeratinized Epithelium of the Avian Tongue

Alpha-Keratin, Keratin-Associated Proteins and Transglutaminase 1 Are Present in the Ortho- and Parakeratinized Epithelium of the Avian Tongue

Metabolic, structural, and proteomic changes in Candida albicans cells induced by the protein-carbohydrate fraction of Dendrobaena veneta coelomic fluid

Functional morphology of the tongue in the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo var. domesticus)

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