Alpha-cellulose extraction procedure for the tropical tree sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) by using an improved vessel for reliable paleoclimate reconstruction

Harada, Mao; Watanabe, Yumiko; Nakatsuka, Takeshi; Tazuru-Mizuno, Suyako; Horikawa, Yoshiki; Sugiyama, Junji; Tsuda, Toshitaka; Tagami, Takahiro

doi:10.2343/geochemj.2.0306

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The average yield of α-cellulose prepared from thin slivers of wood (Harada et al, 2014) was 36.8%. Because the cross-section method produced yields similar to the standard method, we hypothesize that the chemical purity of α-cellulose laths is also similar to that of the standard method.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Cross-section And Standard Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6.2 mm) made of sintered polyethylene was inserted into the bottom of a transparent PTFE tube (i.d. 6.0 mm, length 150 mm; Harada et al, 2014;Nakatsuka et al, 2004). Resin-extracted slivers of 10-20 mg were put into the tube and up to 60 tubes were put into a glass jar with airtight lid.…”

Section: Alpha-cellulose Preparation By the Standard Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) can be used for checking the purity of α-cellulose (Brendel et al, 2000;Anchukaitis et al, 2008;Li et al, 2011;Harada et al, 2014). However, although more quantitative methods, such as the alditol-acetate methodwhich determines residual hemicellulose content using gas chromatography -exist, we find no study that quantitatively determines how much residual lignin and hemicellulose is present in the α-cellulose and the extent of possible isotopic ratio offset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…(1) To examine whether tree-ring oxygen and carbon isotope values obtained with our cross-section method match those obtained with the standard method (Leavitt and Danzer, 1993;Loader et al, 1997;Harada et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the standard α-cellulose extraction method based on the Jaymewise method, wood is either ground to a particle size of less than 30 mesh (Green, 1963;Leavitt and Danzer, 1993) or sliced into thin slivers (Nakatsuka et al, 2004;Laumer et al, 2009;Wieloch et al, 2011;Harada et al, 2014), then treated with bleaching solutions and alkali solutions. Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) can be used for checking the purity of α-cellulose (Brendel et al, 2000;Anchukaitis et al, 2008;Li et al, 2011;Harada et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An optimized method for stable isotope analysis of tree rings by extracting cellulose directly from cross-sectional laths

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tStable isotopes in tree-ring α-cellulose are valued as environmental proxies and their use is steadily increasing; however, preparation of α-cellulose is a bottleneck in isotope analysis. Recent methodological breakthrough for extracting tree-ring α-cellulose directly from tree-ring cross-sectional laths drastically increased the throughput of tree-ring isotope data. In this paper, we evaluate our recently designed "cross-section" method. This method employs polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) cases, enabling direct extraction of α-cellulose from 1-mm thick tree-ring laths, in combination with fixation sheets to prevent disintegration of freeze-dried α-cellulose laths. Perforated PTFE cases are easily producible at an affordable cost. They are made of commonly available lab consumables in catalogs and do not require specially made PTFE parts. Freeze-dried α-cellulose laths preserved distinct anatomical structure, enabling precise separation at the tree-ring boundaries. Once separated from a lath, tree-ring α-cellulose can be weighed directly into silver or tin capsules for analysis. We checked chemical purity of α-cellulose prepared by the cross-section method from five tree species (larch, pine, spruce, beech, and oak). Residual lignin and hemicellulose contents were quantitatively assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and gas chromatography. The average chemical purity of α-cellulose laths from the five species was 94.5%, similar to the chemical purity of α-cellulose prepared with the standard Jayme-Wise method. Both oxygen and carbon isotope values of α-cellulose prepared by the cross-section method also closely matched those prepared by the standard method. We conclude that, by overhauling the method of α-cellulose preparation for tree-ring isotope analysis, we increased throughput of tree-ring oxygen and carbon isotope data without sacrificing sample purity.

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Section: Comparison Of the Cross-section And Standard Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alpha-cellulose Preparation By the Standard Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An optimized method for stable isotope analysis of tree rings by extracting cellulose directly from cross-sectional laths

et al. 2015

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Analysis of the interdecadal variability of summer precipitation in central Japan using a reconstructed 106 year long oxygen isotope record from tree ring cellulose

et al. 2016

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We present a unique proxy for reconstructing the interannual variability of summer precipitation associated with the quasi‐stationary front (Baiu front) in central Japan. The rainfall from the Baiu front has a relatively lower oxygen isotopic composition than other types of nonfrontal precipitation. The variability in the oxygen isotopes in summer rainfall is closely related to the Baiu frontal activity. In this study we used a mechanistic tree ring isotope model to reconstruct a 106 year long oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation during the early rainy season (June) based on the oxygen isotopic compositions of the annual rings of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl trees from central Japan. The year‐to‐year variations of the isotopes over the most recent 25 years are associated with several teleconnection patterns that often lead to the Baiu precipitation anomalies in central Japan (such as the Pacific‐Japan (PJ) pattern, Silk Road pattern, and wave train pattern along the polar jet). Yet none of these external forcing mechanisms apply further back in time. From the 1950s to 1980s, the interannual isotopic variability is predominantly related to local factors such as anomalous intensification/weakening of the Bonin High. Before the 1950s, the variability of the oxygen isotopic composition of precipitation is mainly associated with a wave train pattern along the polar jet. The isotopic variability is predominantly linked to the PJ pattern, while the PJ index is correlated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation. These findings suggest that the teleconnection patterns influencing Baiu precipitation variability vary according to interdecadal time scales during the twentieth century.

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Stable Isotope Signatures of Wood, its Constituents and Methods of Cellulose Extraction

et al. 2022

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In this chapter, we give some basic information on the chemical and isotopic properties of wood constituents and describe their relative contribution to the isotopic signature of wood. Based on these considerations we review studies that have compared stable isotope signals of wood with those of corresponding cellulose. We exemplify how relationships of wood-based tree-ring stable isotope sequences with climate can be affected by varying proportions of wood constituents like cellulose, lignin and extractives. A majority of benchmarking studies suggests that cellulose extraction may not be necessary. However, based upon existing research, a general statement cannot be made on the necessity of cellulose extraction. Changes in wood composition can particularly influence environmental signal strength during periods of low isotope variability. Cellulose extraction removes any effects from changing wood composition. We present the three established chemical approaches of extraction, outline how to test the purity of isolated cellulose and present user-friendly efficient experimental setups allowing to simultaneously process hundreds of samples in one batch. Further, we briefly address the analysis of stable isotopes of lignin methoxyl groups because of easy sample preparation and its potential additional value for studies on fossil wood.

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Alpha-cellulose extraction procedure for the tropical tree sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) by using an improved vessel for reliable paleoclimate reconstruction

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

An optimized method for stable isotope analysis of tree rings by extracting cellulose directly from cross-sectional laths

An optimized method for stable isotope analysis of tree rings by extracting cellulose directly from cross-sectional laths

Analysis of the interdecadal variability of summer precipitation in central Japan using a reconstructed 106 year long oxygen isotope record from tree ring cellulose

Stable Isotope Signatures of Wood, its Constituents and Methods of Cellulose Extraction

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