Alpaca semen characteristics previous to a mating period

Flores, Paloma; Garcia-Huidobro, J.; Muñoz, Camila; Bustos‐Obregón, Eduardo; Urquieta, Bessie

doi:10.1016/s0378-4320(02)00095-7

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In our work, the colour was constant in all ejaculates of each animal. This is contrary to previous results, even though a valid comparison cannot be made as the colour was not indicated for ejaculate and animal by Flores, García‐Huidobro, Muñoz, Bustos‐Obregón, and Urquieta ().…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Sperm kinematic characterization of alpaca (Vicugna pacos L.) during the reproductive season

Meza

Caldeira

Valverde

et al. 2018

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Semen analysis is a key factor when determining the fertility ability in males. South American camelids, and in particular the alpaca, have been studied very little when compared with other farm animals. The aim of this work was to perform the kinematic characterization of alpaca spermatozoa collected directly from the deferent duct by using CASA-Mot (Computer Assisted Semen Analysis for Motility) technology. Samples were obtained every three days throughout the reproductive season during two periods and with a break of seven days in the middle. During both periods, the quality of the sample's motility and kinematics increased over the first two days and then subsequently decreased. This pattern was similar in all animals. It was concluded that the introduction of resting times can be useful to improve sperm quality for artificial insemination purposes in natural conditions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Sperm kinematic characterization of alpaca (Vicugna pacos L.) during the reproductive season

Meza

Caldeira

Valverde

et al. 2018

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…For example, Flores et al. () and Bravo et al. () did not find more than a 10% prevalence of abnormal sperm heads, which differs drastically from the 50% prevalence of abnormal sperm heads found in this study and also reported by Buendía et al.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…(). However, other abnormalities such as cytoplasmic droplets, which have been described previously as having a prevalence of 10%–20% (Bravo et al., ; Flores et al., ), were not reported in our study because, according to strict criteria, for spermatozoa to be classified as possessing excess residual cytoplasm, the total volume must be more than one‐third of sperm head size (WHO, ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…(); Soler et al., ), neck and tail abnormalities in alpaca spermatozoa were described in the present study, although this analysis was conducted independently from that of sperm heads. Descriptions of alpaca sperm abnormalities have produced variable results, ranging from 50%–60% (Flores et al., ; Urquieta et al., ) to 80%–85% normal alpaca spermatozoa (Bravo et al., ; Dávalos & Olazábal, ). The lower percentages of normal alpaca sperm found in the present study may be explained by the fact that our analysis was based on strict criteria (WHO, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While studies of sperm morphology have been conducted previously in alpacas, results have varied. Flores, García‐Huidobro, Muñoz, Bustos‐Obregon, and Urquieta () and Urquieta, Flores, Muñoz, Bustos‐Obregon, and García‐Huidoro () found an approximately 50% percentage of normal form sperm in alpaca semen, while other studies have reported between 60%–89% normal alpaca spermatozoa (Bravo et al., ; Dávalos & Olazábal, ). In humans, the use of strict Tygerberg criteria (Kruger et al., , ) for morphological sperm evaluation has been correlated with in vitro fertility, finding that men with >4% normal sperm are considered fertile (Lindheim et al., ; Montanaro Gauci et al., ; WHO, ); however, strict criteria for the evaluation of alpaca sperm morphology have not been previously described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Assessment of spermatozoa in fertile alpaca (Vicugna pacos) males: Study of sperm head morphometry using a nonautomated digital method and sperm morphology based on strict criteria

Evangelista-Vargas

Evangelista‐Vargas

Valdivia

et al. 2016

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Although computer-assisted systems for sperm morphometry and morphological analysis are important tools in the study of male fertility, their use in extensive systems in alpacas is limited by factors such as the expense of equipment and the high altitudes of the Andean region. The objectives of this study were to evaluate alpaca sperm head morphometry using a nonautomated digital method and determine the frequency of sperm abnormalities based on strict criteria for sperm morphology in fertile male alpacas. Ejaculates (n = 15) from seven alpacas were collected, and sperm smears stained with modified Papanicolaou were processed. For morphometric analysis, 3,000 sperm (200 cells/sample) images were captured at 400× magnification and Quick Photo MICRO 3.0 software was used for manual measurement of basic (sperm head length, width, perimeter and area) and derived variables (ellipticity, shape factor, elongation and regularity). For morphology assessment, smears were observed at 1000× magnification according to WHO and strict criteria. Average morphometric parameters were length 5.48 μm, width 2.99 μm, perimeter 13.62 μm, area 12.43 μm , ellipticity 1.86, shape factor 1.20, elongation 0.29 and regularity 1.05. Significant between-individual and within-individual differences were found in morphometric parameters. Based on morphometric study, sperm heads were classified as elliptical or normal (49%), long (18%), short (2%), pyriform (12%), round (9%), large (6%) and small (4%). Morphological analysis found no additional sperm head defects in 49% of normal sperm obtained by morphometry, although a 4% incidence of neck/mid-piece defects and a 16% incidence of principal-piece defects were found. We conclude that sperm head morphometry assessment in fertile alpacas using a nonautomated digital method is feasible, and that defects in sperm heads constitute the main morphological alteration (>50% of the sperm population), based on WHO and strict criteria.

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