“…But at 400°C, the SS/Mo/Al 2 O 3 solar absorber coating exhibits five peaks centred at approximately 200, 345, 490, 577 and 736 cm −1 . These bands represent monoclinic MoO 2 and these values match well with the data of AlMoN(H)/AlMoN(L) coatings heat treated in air [22].…”
Section: Micro-raman Spectroscopy Studysupporting
confidence: 86%
“…But at 400°C, the SS/Mo/Al 2 O 3 solar absorber coating exhibits five peaks centred at approximately 200, 345, 490, 577 and 736 cm −1 . These bands represent monoclinic MoO 2 and these values match well with the data of AlMoN(H)/AlMoN(L) coatings heat treated in air [22]. Figure 4 Composite Raman spectra of (a) as-deposited SS/Mo/Al 2 O 3 coating and coatings heat treated at (b) 300°C, (c) 350°C, (d) 400°C for 2 h.…”
A novel Mo/Al 2 O 3 spectrally selective solar absorber coating is deposited onto stainless steel (SS) substrates using magnetron sputtering method, which exhibits a high absorptance (α) of 0.90 and a low emittance (ε) of 0.08. In order to investigate the thermal stability, the SS/Mo/ Al 2 O 3 coatings are annealed in air and vacuum at different temperatures. The surface morphology, microstructure, composition distribution, diffusion and optical properties before and after high-temperature annealing are characterised by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), atom force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro-Raman spectroscopy, UVvis spectrophotometer and emissometer. Experimental results indicate that the coatings are stable in air at 350°C. The values of solar absorptance and emittance below 350°C are 0.87-0.90 and 0.06-0.08, respectively. The coatings remain stable after annealed at 600°C in vacuum for 2 h with a good spectral selectivity (α/ε) of 0.89/0.06.
“…But at 400°C, the SS/Mo/Al 2 O 3 solar absorber coating exhibits five peaks centred at approximately 200, 345, 490, 577 and 736 cm −1 . These bands represent monoclinic MoO 2 and these values match well with the data of AlMoN(H)/AlMoN(L) coatings heat treated in air [22].…”
Section: Micro-raman Spectroscopy Studysupporting
confidence: 86%
“…But at 400°C, the SS/Mo/Al 2 O 3 solar absorber coating exhibits five peaks centred at approximately 200, 345, 490, 577 and 736 cm −1 . These bands represent monoclinic MoO 2 and these values match well with the data of AlMoN(H)/AlMoN(L) coatings heat treated in air [22]. Figure 4 Composite Raman spectra of (a) as-deposited SS/Mo/Al 2 O 3 coating and coatings heat treated at (b) 300°C, (c) 350°C, (d) 400°C for 2 h.…”
A novel Mo/Al 2 O 3 spectrally selective solar absorber coating is deposited onto stainless steel (SS) substrates using magnetron sputtering method, which exhibits a high absorptance (α) of 0.90 and a low emittance (ε) of 0.08. In order to investigate the thermal stability, the SS/Mo/ Al 2 O 3 coatings are annealed in air and vacuum at different temperatures. The surface morphology, microstructure, composition distribution, diffusion and optical properties before and after high-temperature annealing are characterised by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), atom force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro-Raman spectroscopy, UVvis spectrophotometer and emissometer. Experimental results indicate that the coatings are stable in air at 350°C. The values of solar absorptance and emittance below 350°C are 0.87-0.90 and 0.06-0.08, respectively. The coatings remain stable after annealed at 600°C in vacuum for 2 h with a good spectral selectivity (α/ε) of 0.89/0.06.
“…The double layered structure of nickel pigmented anodized aluminium results in the high absorptance of the coating [7]. In another study, Zheng with high absorptance up to 58° [9]. These studies suggest that it is very important to investigate the angular dependency on absorptance of the solar absorber coating to enhance the performance of the solar thermal systems.…”
In this paper, we report the solar absorptance property of a new tandem absorber consisting of layers W/WAlN/WAlON/Al 2 O 3 that holds promise for solar thermal energy harvesting. The coating was prepared by DC/RF magnetron sputtering on stainless steel substrate. The performance of the film was investigated by measuring the reflectance spectra in the wavelength range of 250-2500 nm and most importantly by varying the incident angle from 18° to 68°. The effect of thermal annealing on the optical properties, microstructure and morphology of the solar selective absorber coating was also explored. The thermal annealing of the coating at 350°C till 550 hrs in air did not result in any significant change in the spectral properties of the absorber coating. The excellent thermal stability and wide range of angular absorptance of this multilayer coating indicate the potential for application as selective coating in mid temperature photothermal conversion systems.
“…They are not only empirically inadequate but also not complete enough to conclude on financial inclusion and agricultural productivity since credit is just a subset of financial inclusion. Other scholars also specified that financial inclusion leads to poverty reduction, decrease in the level of in- Beck, Demirguc-Kunt, and Peria (2007), Mbutor and Uba (2013), Selvakumar et al (2015), Olaniyi (2017), Sakanko et al (2018) and Satsangi & Tiwari (2018).…”
The concept of infrastructure, education, availability, usage, affordability, inequality, and accessibility of funds remains useful in agricultural productivity. Nonetheless, the most instrumental challenge of rural farmers is the factors mentioned above, which hindered the growth of agricultural productivity over the years in Africa. As a result, this study examines the nexus between gender, financial inclusion, and Agriculture Productivity in Ghana. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design with secondary data sources from the Ghana Living Statistical Survey 7. Data were analyzed using STATA version 15. The objective of the study was analyzed using the ordinary least square method. The study revealed that financial inclusion has a significant positive relationship with agricultural productivity. Also, factors such as age, farm size, household size, ownership of land have a positive impact on agricultural productivity coupled with the low level of education. Results indicate that farm size, equipment ownership, expenditure on inputs, age, marital status, land ownership, household size, and education level are determinants of agricultural productivity. The paper revealed that male farmers are more financially inclusive than their female counterparts. As a result, the study concluded that there are strong links between gender, financial inclusion, and agricultural productivity. The government and other stakeholders in Ghana need legal and institutional transformations that will help meet the needs and constraints of females, especially in the rural communities, to broaden the scope of financial services hence making them financially inclusive.
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